References

1. [1].
   SKOU ST, MAIR FS, FORTIN M, et al. Multimorbidity[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2022, 8(1): 48.
2. [2].
   TRIVEDI D. Cochrane review summary: interventions for improving outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings[J]. Prim Health Care Res Dev, 2017, 18(2): 109-111.
3. [3].
   王琦.中医体质学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 2009: 4.
4. [4].
   World Health Organization. The world health report 2008:primary health care now more than ever[M]. Geneva:World Health Organization, 2008: 8-9.
5. [5].
   FARMER C, FENU E, O′FLYNN N, et al. Clinical assessment and management of multimorbidity: summary of NICE guidance[J]. BMJ, 2016, 354: i4843.
6. [6].
   NICHOLSON K, ALMIRALL J, FORTIN M. The measurement of multimorbidity[J]. Health Psychol, 2019, 38(9): 783-790.
7. [7].
   王霁一,冯星淋.我国中老年人慢性病共病患病率的变化趋势及影响因素分析[J].医学与社会, 2024, 37(7): 41-48.
8. [8].
   张倩雯,罗金萍,孙嘉颖,等.慢性病共病对灾难性卫生支出影响的实证研究[J].中国预防医学杂志, 2024, 25(3): 324-329.
9. [9].
   BARNETT K, MERCER SW, NORBURY M, et al. Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study[J]. Lancet, 2012, 380(9836): 37-43.
10. [10].
    徐小兵,李迪,孙扬,等.中国城乡老年人慢性病共病及其影响因素的差异性研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制, 2023, 31(6): 427-432.
11. [11].
    王峻霞,丁令智,简金洋,等.基于CHARLS数据库的中国老年人慢性病共病现状及影响因素分析[J].应用预防医学, 2023, 29(3): 151-154.
12. [12].
    苏文钰,葛怀举,常雯静,等.我国中老年人慢性病共病关联规则分析及相关因素识别研究[J].现代预防医学, 2024, 51(24): 4417-4422.
13. [13].
    XU X, MISHRA GD, JONES M. Mapping the global research landscape and knowledge gaps on multimorbidity: a bibliometric study[J]. J Glob Health, 2017, 7(1):010414.
14. [14].
    COSTE J, VALDERAS JM, CARCAILLON-BENTATA L. The epidemiology of multimorbidity in France: variations by gender, age and socioeconomic factors, and implica tions for surveillance and prevention[J]. PLoS One, 2022, 17(4): e0265842.
15. [15].
    FAN JN, SUN ZJ, YU CQ, et al. Multimorbidity patterns and association with mortality in 0.5 million Chinese adults[J]. Chin Med J, 2022, 135(6): 648-657.
16. [16].
    VALLETTA M, VETRANO DL, XIA X, et al. Multimorbidity patterns and 18-year transitions from normal cognition to dementia and death: a population-based study[J]. J Intern Med, 2023, 294(3): 326-335.
17. [17].
    侯银静,秦明照.老年心血管疾病患者共病管理策略[J].中国临床保健杂志, 2025, 28(2): 203-207.
18. [18].
    SHANG XW, ZHANG XL, HUANG Y, et al. Association of a wide range of individual chronic diseases and their multimorbidity with brain volumes in the UK Biobank: a cross-sectional study[J]. E Clin Med, 2022, 47: 101413.
19. [19].
    朱燕波,王琦,吴承玉,等. 18805例中国成年人中医体质类型与超重和肥胖关系的Logistic回归分析[J].中西医结合学报, 2010, 8(11): 1023-1028.
20. [20].
    苏雅,穆小瑜,屈会超,等.中医体质与中老年代谢综合征的相关性研究[J].山西中医药大学学报, 2024, 25(4): 450-454.
21. [21].
    李安香,卢绮韵,梁庆顺,等.基于多中心的2029例代谢综合征患者中医体质横断面临床分析[J].中华中医药杂志, 2023, 38(9): 4414-4419.
22. [22].
    LI LR, LI TX, LIANG X, et al. A decrease in Flavonifractor plautii and its product, phytosphingosine, predisposes individuals with phlegm-dampness constitution to metabolic disorders[J]. Cell Discov, 2025, 11(1): 25.
23. [23].
    LIANG X, WANG Q, JIANG ZQ, et al. Clinical research linking traditional Chinese medicine constitution types with diseases: a literature review of 1639 observational studies[J]. J Tradit Chin Med, 2020, 40(4):690-702.
24. [24].
    王小明,张维溪,李昌崇.重视上-下气道慢性炎症性疾病的联合管理[J].中国实用儿科杂志, 2022, 37(9): 656-659.
25. [25].
    董思颖,秦静波,孟翔鹤,等.国医大师王琦教授治疗过敏体质相关疾病的经验总结[J].世界中医药, 2021, 16(22): 3367-3371.
26. [26].
    赵安邦,杜晨朝,吴志生,等.过敏康颗粒质量控制方法研究[J].中华中医药杂志, 2018, 33(3):1036-1040.
27. [27].
    王济.基于中医体质学的三个关键问题探讨全生命周期健康管理[J].北京中医药大学学报, 2023, 46(3): 377-382.
28. [28].
    柳璇. 《老年版中医体质分类与判定》量表研制与初步应用分析[D].北京:北京中医药大学, 2013.
29. [29].
    李竹青,张维,孙鹏程,等.婴幼儿中医体质量表的研发思路[J].中华中医药杂志, 2021, 36(10):5984-5987.
30. [30].
    中华中医药学会.中医体质分类与判定(ZYYXH/T157—2009)[J].世界中西医结合杂志, 2009, 4(4): 303-304.
31. [31].
    白明华,王济,郑燕飞,等.基于108015例样本数据的中国人群中医体质类型分布特征分析[J].北京中医药大学学报, 2020, 43(6): 498-507.
32. [32].
    王琦,朱燕波.中国一般人群中医体质流行病学调查——基于全国9省市21948例流行病学调查数据[J].中华中医药杂志, 2009, 24(1): 7-12.
33. [33].
    ZHANG XP, WANG J, LIU BX, et al. Potential mechanism of huatan qushi decoction on improving phlegmdampness constitution using microRNA array and RTqPCR targeting on hsa-miR-1237-3p[J]. J Tradit Chin Med Sci, 2021, 8(1): 43-51.
34. [34].
    LI YY, MA JY, SUN SX, et al. DIA-PRM proteomic analysis of phlegm-dampness constitution with glucolipid metabolic disorders by the intervention of Hua Tan Qu Shi recipe[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2022, 2022: 6464431.
35. [35].
    王琦.王琦辨体-辨病-辨证诊疗模式创建与应用[M].骆斌,整理.北京:中国中医药出版社, 2022: 9.
36. [36].
    米芳,史良恬,冯淬灵,等.消鼾利气颗粒治疗痰湿质阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征32例[J].环球中医药, 2022, 15(11): 2225-2229.
37. [37].
    靳锐锋,崔红生,郭丰婷,等.消鼾利气颗粒治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的临床疗效评价[J].中华中医药杂志, 2019, 34(1): 374-376.
38. [38].
    YAO HQ, MO SL, WANG J, et al. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of phlegm-dampness constitution[J]. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2018, 45(5): 1999-2008.
39. [39].
    SHIN J, LI TX, ZHU LH, et al. Obese individuals with and without phlegm-dampness constitution show different gut microbial composition associated with risk of metabolic disorders[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2022, 12: 859708.
40. [40].
    姚海强.痰湿体质DNA甲基化、miRNA及IncRNA表达谱研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学, 2016.
41. [41].
    ZHU LH, SUN ZW, GUAN YY, et al. Differences in vascular endothelial function and serum proteome between obese people with phlegm-dampness constitution and balanced constitution[J]. J Tradit Chin Med, 2024, 44(1):188-196.
42. [42].
    王鑫,王济,李玲孺,等.王琦“痰湿调体方”干预痰湿体质效果评价[J].天津中医药, 2019, 36(4):319-321.
43. [43].
    ZHANG XP, ZHU LH, MA JC, et al. Huatan Qushi formula alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via PI3K/Akt signaling and gut microbiota modulation[J]. J Tradit Chin Med Sci, 2024, 11(4): 443-455.