Objective To observe the effect of three-step sequential therapy on the pathomorphology of the bronchial lung tissues of rat asthmatic model with airway remodeling after hormone intervention using light microscope and electron microscope. Methods The airway remodeling of asthmatic rats model was induced by hormone intervention to simulate hormone withdrawal（ HW） of steroid dependent asthma（ SDA） patients. Altogether 150 rats randomly divided into five groups（ each n = 30） of airway remodeling group

dexamethasone intervention group

pulmicort group

three-step sequential therapy group and normal control group. Morphological changes of the bronchial lung tissues of rats of all groups were observed under light microscope and electron microscope

and thicknesses of the bronchial walls and the bronchial smooth muscle and the number of the cell nucleus in the bronchial smooth muscle were measured. Results Using HE staining

the lung tissues of rats except for those in normal control group were infiltrated by inflammation cells with different degrees

but the rats of three-step sequential therapy group were observed significantly slight inflammatory reaction. Using Masson trichromatic staining

massive collagen fiber in pulmonary interstitial of airway remodeling group deposited

while deposition increased during hormone withdrawal in dexamethasone intervention group

and significantly less deposition was observed in both three-step sequential therapy group and pulmicort group. Before HW

the thickness of the bronchial walls in three-step sequential therapy group decreased significantly compared with that in airway remodeling group（ P < 0. 01）; during and after HW

the thickness of the bronchial walls in three-step sequential therapy group decreased compared with dexamethasone intervention group and airway remodeling group（ P < 0. 01

P < 0. 05）. Before HW

there is no difference（ P > 0. 05） of bronchial smooth muscle thickness observed in all the medication groups; during and after HW

bronchial smooth muscle thickness decreased compared with dexamethasone intervention group and airway remodeling group（ P < 0. 01

P <0. 05）. The number of cell nucleus in the bronchial smooth muscle of three-step sequential therapy group decreased significantly

regardless of HW

compared with dexamethasone intervention group and airway remodeling group（ P < 0. 01）. Using electron microscope

airway epithelial cilia falling off was remarkably alleviated during HW in three-step sequential therapy group and pulmicort group

while that in dexamethasone intervention group during or after HW was the same as the airway remodeling group.Conclusion Three-step sequential therapy could inhibit the airway remodeling by the way of relieving inflammatory changes of the bronchial lung pathomorphology of rat asthmatic model.