Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before

LAI Min; JIA Chunhua

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2023.07.012

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Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before

Theoretical Studies | 更新时间：2023-08-07

- Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before
- Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Vol. 46, Issue 7, Pages: 960-964(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  北京中医药大学中医学院　北京　100029
- 作者简介：
  
  Prof.JIA Chunhua, Ph.D., Doctoral Supervisor.School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Beisanhuan Donglu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029.E-mail: jiachunhua125@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(82074582)
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2023.07.012
  CLC： R241.25
- Received：20 February 2023，
  
  Published：30 July 2023
- 稿件说明：
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LAI Min, JIA Chunhua. Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before[J]. Journal of beijing university of traditional chinese medicine, 2023, 46(7): 960-964.
DOI：

LAI Min, JIA Chunhua. Analysis of color metaphor in tongue diagnosis theory in the Ming, Qing dynasties and before[J]. Journal of beijing university of traditional chinese medicine, 2023, 46(7): 960-964. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2023.07.012.

摘要

明清时期是中医学舌诊理论构建的关键时期，从这个时期的相关文献可窥见舌诊发展成熟及融入中医学理论的过程。隐喻在新理论的形成及陈述中具有解释、理论建构等作用。因此，本文运用隐喻认知理论分析明清及以前的舌诊相关文献，发现五行学说对于解释舌颜色的临床意义发挥重要作用，基于“红赤为心火”及脏腑间的位置和功能关系描述正常舌象的颜色由红赤变为淡红；外感病中，以五行之“水火是寒热”解释舌颜色的寒热病机，通过肺金胃土对应白、黄苔以区分病位的表、里；内伤病中，以五色应五脏、五腑确定舌颜色的脏腑病位及虚实病机；并依据“燔炭色黑”和颜色构成分别解释“舌黑为热”及超出五色范畴的舌诊经验。揭示了中医学理论对舌诊经验的概括、凝练，以及隐喻在其中扮演的重要角色，为从中医学视角理解更多临床经验提供借鉴。

Abstract

The Ming and Qing dynasties were the key periods for constructing the theory of tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). From the relevant literature in this period

we can see the process of integrating tongue diagnosis into TCM theory. Metaphors help with explaining and constructing new theories. Therefore

this paper uses the metaphor cognitive theory to analyze the literature related to tongue diagnosis in the Ming and Qing dynasties

suggesting that the five elements play a major role in explaining the clinical significance of tongue color and describing the color of the normal tongue from red to light red with "red is the fire of the heart" and the location and functional relationship among the viscera. In exogenous diseases

the "water is cold and fire is hot" in the five elements is used to explain the cold and hot pathogenesis of tongue color

and the lungs and stomach correspond to white fur and yellow fur

respectively

to distinguish the exterior and interior locations of disease. Among internal diseases

the disease location of the viscera and the pathogenesis of deficiency and excess reflected by the tongue color are determined by the five colors corresponding to the viscera. From the perspective of "burnt charcoal is black" and color composition

the ancient physicians explained the tongue diagnosis experience of "black tongue is hot" beyond the five color categories. This study reveals the generalization and refinement of the clinical experience of tongue diagnosis by TCM theory and the important role of metaphors in this process

which provides a reference for understanding more clinical experiences from the perspective of TCM.

关键词

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references

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