COVID-19专题
- The Paper
- Abstract：The occurrence and development of severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) follows the pathogenesis characteristics and transmission law of the pestilential diseases, "pathogenic warm attacks the lungs first, and goes to the pericardium reversely" , which belongs to the category of "wrongly-treated pattern" or "unfavorable pattern" . The disease progressed rapidly. At first, the epidemic virus invaded the lungs, then blocked the lungs, leading to the critical stage of inner blocking causing collapse. Modern medicine believes that severe disease involves a series of pathophysiological changes, such as viral damage, immune inflammatory response, endothelial cell damage, thrombosis, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) disorders. Regarding the treatment of severe COVID-19, the first proposal is to prevent the occurrence of severe disease, When necessary, it is not limited to wei (defense), qi, ying (nutrient) and blood levels. and prior treatment should be given before development of patterns; This article summarizes the role and value of the methods of detoxification and cooling blood, purging the lungs and opening the bowels, and strengthening spleen and eliminating dampness in the treatment of severe COVID-19. In combination with modern medical research, the possible mechanism of action of the above three treatments was also analyzed.Keywords：COVID-19;severe disease;pathophysiology;traditional Chinese medicine184|179|3
<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2022-05-07 - Abstract：ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment and that of Western medicine treatment alone for severe cases of COVID-19, identify the risk predictors affecting the prognosis of patients with severe COVID-19, evaluate the significance of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of severe cases of COVID-19 and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.MethodsExplainable machine learning was used to retrospectively analyze the clinical treatment process of 1 055 cases of severe COVID-19 admitted to the main hospital area, Optical Valley branch and Sino-French New City branch of Tongji Hospital in Wuhan.The cases were divided into integrated Chinese and Western medicine-Chinese herbal medicine(CW-CHM) group, integrated Chinese and Western medicine-Chinese patent medicine (CW-CPM) group and Western medicine (WM) group according to the treatment plan they followed.The WM group received such conventional treatment as antiviral treatment, oxygen support and symptomatic therapy based on the diagnosis and treatment protocol of novel coronavirus pneumonia, while the CW-CHM group and CW-CPM group were treated with herbal decoction and Chinese patent medicine combined with herbal decoction respectively in addition to the conventional treatment given to the WM group.Clinical efficacy indicators of the three groups were observed and compared, including total length of hospitalization, rate of cases that turned critical, intubation mortality, and laboratory-related indicators.ResultsIntubation mortality for patients with low A/G ratio, low white blood cell count and low lymphocyte count in the CHM group and CW-CPM group were significantly reduced compared with that in the WM group. The intubatione mortality rate and the rate of cases that turned critical in the CW-CHM group and CW-CPM group were lower than those in the WM group. The total hospitalization days of CW-CHM group and WM group were fewer than those of CW-CHM group.ConclusionThe addition of Chinese medicine decoction or Chinese medicine decoction+ Chinese patent medicine to conventional WM treatment for severe COVID-19 cases may reduce the intubation mortality and improve the prognosis of the patients by improving their immune function.Keywords：COVID-19;severe cases;integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine;Chinese patent medicine;machine learning143|117|6<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2022-01-06
- Keywords：Malaysia;epidemic;COVID-19;Chinese medicine;guidelines493|66|0<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-10-11
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of depression in adolescents under the influence of COVID-19 epidemic, and to explore the relationship between qi-stagnation constitution and depression.MethodsIn this study, 11, 548 junior high school students were selected from Shandong, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Fujian and Henan provinces by means of total population sampling from March 20 to March 31, 2020 after online classes. The subjects were surveyed with questionnaires developed by the present research team, Patient Health Questiornaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale and qi-stagnation scale, their risks of COVID-19 infection were investigated and all the results were analyzed statistically.Results1.Of the 11, 548 adolescents, 1, 694 (14.67%) suffered depression. 2. Risk factors for adolescent depression included female (OR=1.507, 95%CI: 1.344~1.690), graduation (OR=1.352, 95%CI: 1.193~1.532), COVID-19 infection risk (OR=1.552, 95%CI: 1.132~2.128), and qi-stagnation constitution (OR=3.571, 95%CI: 3.170~4.024), and protective factors included good relationship between parents (OR=0.859, 95%CI: 0.753~0.980), and good parent-child relationship (OR=0.246, 95%CI: 0.216~0.281). Adolescents with qi-stagnation constitution were exposed to a 3.6 times higher risk of depression than those without qi stagnation.ConclusionIn the context of COVID-19 epidemic, the detection rate of depression in adolescents was not significantly higher than that in the non-epidemic period.Instead, the influence of qi-stagnation constitution on the occurrence of depression was greater, even higher than that of the risk of COVID-19 infection.Keywords：COVID-19;adolescent depression;influencing factors;qi-stagnation constitution296|109|6<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-10-11
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo explore the predominant constitution of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and the optimal Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment plan.MethodsPatients diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated in the Second Hospital of Jingzhou were included in the study. Descriptive analysis was made of the constitution survey of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and statistical analysis was made of effective Chinese medicine prescriptions to mine their core herbs.ResultsThe analysis of the constitutional characteristics of patients susceptible to COVID-19 showed that the proportion of those with wetness-heat constitution was the highest. The statistical analysis of effective prescriptions used during the treatment period of COVID-19 showed that all the effective prescriptions involved a total of 152 herbs, among which the most frequently used was Houpo (Magnolia Bark, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis). It appeared in 51 prescriptions and the most frequently prescribed dose was 15 grams. In terms of the four properties and five flavors of the herbs, the most commonly used are herbs cold in nature (45.55%) and bitter in flavor (41.55%). In terms of meridian tropism, the most frequently entered meridian was the lung meridian (26.28%). In terms of indications, the herbs most commonly used were those to dissolve phlegm and relieve cough and panting (19.39%). Association rules analysis uncovered 5 core herbs and cluster analysis 3 herb combinations.ConclusionThe constitution susceptible to the novel coronary pneumonia was the wetness-heat constitution. During the treatment period, both herbs cold and those warm in property were used to regulate both the lung and the spleen. The treatment principles included mainly these to dispel dampness and remove turbidity, and to free and regulate qi movement. The core herbs were derived from the classic formula Dayuan Yin (Membrane-source Decoction) modified to eliminatie internal disease causes, external causes and causes that are neither internal nor external.Keywords：COVID-19;body constitution;diagnosis and treatment plan;rules of prescribed herbs176|129|5<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-04-28
- Abstract：Through review of national and regionalDiagnosis and Treatment Plan of Corona Virus Disease2019 (COVID-19) and related literature, this article analyzed the characteristics of COVID-19, and probed into its TCM nomenclature, combining the naming rules for pestilence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The terms used for COVID-19 in TCM currently include pestilence, cold pestilence, cold-damp pestilence, cold-damp lung pestilence, damp pestilence, dampness-toxin pestilence, warm pestilence, damp-heat pestilence, lung pestilence, wind pestilence, winter pestilence, wind-warm and damp pestilence, wood pestilence, etc. COVID-19 can be generally referred to as “pestilence”in TCM; according to the nature of the symptoms and the characteristics of the pathogenesis, it can be named as “dampness-toxin pestilence” since symptoms of damp nature have maintained throughout the disease course with the pathogenesis of stasis and toxin obstruction; the name of “lung pestilence” according to disease location fails to reflect the lesion site of the disease; the name of “winter pestilence”, “wind pestilence” and “wind-warm and dampness pestilence” according to the time of onset, though in accordance with the definition of warm diseases, does not conform to the characteristics and pathological rules of the disease; according to the five elements motion and six climatic changes, it can be named as “wood pestilence”. At present, it is not suitable to name the disease only according to clinical characteristics, but with increased understanding of this disease, the nomenclature may be further improved.Keywords：novel coronavirus;pneumonia;traditional Chinese medicine;nomenclature;disease names372|209|4<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-04-29
- Abstract：In order to promote effective prevention and control of the pestilence by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it’s of great significance to explore the main ways of the pestilence epidemic. The most weighted epidemic factor is the environmental degradation. Thus, the application of the Yunqi Theory emphasizing “harmony between man and nature” into the prevention and treatment of the pestilence in clinic would be the best way to gain the common consent of the effect and the decrease of the mortality, which might be a good opportunity to show TCM contribution to the health of the human. Based on the standardization of the operation procedures, it’s further suggested that extraction of key elements in patterns of the disease should be viewed as a breakthrough, combined with various technologies from the network, block data and big data of biological blockchain, thus ushering in the third stage of Chinese epidemiology.Keywords：COVID-19;pestilence;TCM;Yunqi Theory;key elements in patterns331|170|1<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-05-20
- Abstract：For COVID-19, there is currently limited effective therapeutic approach or antiviral drugs at present. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), COVID-19 belongs to the category of “damp plague”, and it can be diagnosed and treated with distinctive pattern differentiation methods. However, its pathogenesis and transmission still needs further exploration. The TCM membrane system theory is a systematical summary of the understanding of “membrane” based on TCM ancient literature and modern medicine. The membrane system is distributed over all body cavities, connects the three jiao and covers all of the membrane-layered structures composed of connective tissue and epithelial tissue in the whole body. This system is regarded as the physiological pathway of qi, water and fire, as well as the pathological pathway of the pathogenic factors. It is believed that the damp-warm-heat pathogenic factors invade the membrane from the external mucosal membrane system of all orifices in the human body, and distribute inside of the body along the inner and outer membrane systems. The abnormality of membrane system is the core factor of the occurrence and transmission of the disease. On the base of such pathogenesis, it is proposed that the principle of prevention and treatment of COVID-19 should be defending the toxic pathogenic factors and dredging the membrane system so as to promote the elimination and excretion of pathogenic factors.Keywords：TCM membrane system theory;COVID-19;Mo Yuan (membrane);mesenchyme347|182|5<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-05-20
- Abstract：As an emergent international public health event, it is crucial to determine the etiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Etiological research has shown that COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2.Since there are no effective conventional therapies for COVID-19,the involvement of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of COVID-19 in a timely and effective manner is in extremely urgent need. It is proposed in TCM to "identify the etiology and apply treatment based on pattern differentiation", which indicates that it's crucial to find the TCM etiology of COVID-19.Huangdi Neijing (Huangdi's Internal Classics)states that "All of five pestilences can spread from person to person. No matter in children or in adults, the symptoms are similar".At present, it is believed that the cause of COVID-19 is pestilential qi. This statement itself lacks necessary logical proof.This article analyzes and demonstrates why pestilential qi is deemed the cause of COVID-19 by abduction inference and best explanation.The hypothesis of pestilential qi through abduction inference and best explanation is thus powered by strong logic and can provide reference for the treatment of COVID-19.Keywords：epidemic qi;abductive inference;identifying the cause through pattern differentiation;coronavirus disease 2019;best explanation343|99|1<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-05-20
- Abstract：Based on analysis of clinical manifestations of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), statements from ancient books and published literature on pestilential diseases have been reviewed in this paper to sort out how traditional Chinese medicine interprets the pathogenic characteristics of COVID-19.This paper mainly expounds from five aspects: the concept and characteristics of pestilence, etiology and pathogenesis, pattern differentiation combined with tongue diagnosis, analysis of critical and severe cases, and considerations for treatment. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, COVID-19 falls into the category of pestilential diseases. The basic pathogenesis of the disease is invasion of external pathogens leading to damage to the lung and spleen, and deficiency of the healthy qi. Most patients with underlying diseases tend to progress to critical and severe stages, which are related to the depletion of lung's source supply,the blockage of heart and spirit, ending up with internal blockage and external collapse.In addition, in the diagnosis and treatment of pestilence, tongue diagnosis should be highlighted as it can reflect the real-time progression of the disease. Pathogenic qi should be expelled in time, but purgation method should be applied based on pattern differentiation, and tonifying methods should be used with caution.Keywords：新型冠状病毒;温疫论;辨病治疗;辨证论治387|215|3<HTML><L-PDF>Updated：2021-05-20
