摘要:The theory about medicinal nature in Shennong Bencao Jing is an important theoretic basis for ZHANG Zhong-jing’s formulas and medicinal administration.ZHANG Zhong-jing used Shaoyao(Radix Paeonia) totally according to Shennong Bencao Jing,which was reflected in firstly,governing abdominal pain due to pathogen,relieving pain and removing blood impediment.The pain syndromes discussed by ZHANG Zhong-jing had deficiency in varying degrees except of external cold obstruction and syndrome of Yangming bowel excess.As long as pain syndrome had a little deficiency,ZHANG Zhong-jing would have the chance to use Shaoyao and he administrated widely Shaoyao for relieving pain.Secondly,Shaoyao is used for breaking hard accumulation and heat-cold hernia.Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba) was used for nourishing blood,softening liver and dispersing qi movement,and Chishao(Radix Paeoniae Rubra) was used for activating blood and removing stasis,and both have the action of resolving accumulation and eliminating mass.Heat-cold hernia means the cause is cold pathogen or heat pathogen and nature is heat or cold produced from blood stasis and blood deficiency.Thirdly,Shaoyao is used for draining urine through soothing liver,nourishing yin and activating blood.Fourthly,Chishao can benefit yin qi with cool,quiet and inhibitory effects.Therefore,ZHANG Zhong-jing got the gist of Shennong Bencao Jing and probed into and developed it.The summarization and analysis on the administration laws of Shaoyao in ZHANG Zhong-jing’s formulas from the angle of original text of Shennong Bencao Jing will help clinical practice.
摘要:Qingzao Jiufei Tang has been analyzed from the angles of theory,therapies,formulas and medicinals based on TCM theory and pathology and physiology in modern medicine,and the correlation between Qingzao Jiufei Tang and Sjogren syndrome was discussed.Sjogren syndrome belongs to the field of internal dryness in TCM.Qingzao Jiufei Tang,although is a formula for external dryness,has curative effect on dry cough and spit-free induced by lung damage of Sjogren syndrome based on the therapies of diffusing,clearing,moistening,tonifying and purging lung.The design principle and medicinal combination of Qingzao Jiufei Tang has higher compatibility with the symptoms of dry toxin invading lung in patients with Sjogren syndrome,so it can be used for treating effectively dry cough of Sjogren syndrome.
摘要:Objective To observe the influences of manual simulated and natural climate changes on the activity and protein content of aryl alkylation amine N-acetyl transferase(AANAT),one of melatonin synthesis rate-limiting enzymes,and to analyze the correlation between seasonal changes of AANAT and temporal structure essence of TCM visceral manifestations.Methods Healthy male SD rats(180 g to 200 g/each) were bought respectively one month before the Winter Solstice and Summer Solstice,and then divided into nature group and simulation group(each n=16).The nature group was raised in animal house with enough natural daylighting and controllable temperature.The simulation group was raised in four-season simulation system with anti-season simulation(simulating winter in summer and simulating summer in winter).The simulated climate factors included mainly lighting,temperature and humidity,among which the length of day and night was taken as an important parameter of seasonal changes.All rats could take food and water freely until to the days of Winter Solstice and Summer Solstice and killed respectively at 9 pm.The content of melatonin and activity and protein content of AANAT in pineal gland were detected and compared between simulation and nature condition.Results Under the condition of four-season simulation system and natural seasonal climate,the content of melatonin and activity and protein content of AANAT in pineal gland in winter were higher than those in summer(P<0.05).Conclusion The seasonal change is one of key factors of rhythmic changes in body’s physical functions.The pineal gland-melatonin is important to the research on temporal structure essence of TCM visceral manifestations.
摘要:Objective To observe the influences of Tongmai Yishen Fang on adrenomedullin(ADM) and tubular epithelial phenotypic transdifferentiation in rats with renal interstitial fibrosis,and to discuss the antagonism mechanism.Methods The rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established through unilateral ureteral obstruction,and then all rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group,Tongmai Yishen Fang group and valsartan group.Tongmai Yishen Fang group was given orally Tongmai Yishen Fang[1.5 g/(kg.d) ],valsartan group,valsartan[10 mg/(kg.d) ],and shamoperation group and model group,normal saline water in the same dose.The protein expressions of ADM and α-smooth muscular actin(α-SMA),a landmark of tubular epithelial phenotypic transdifferentiation,were observed and analyzed.The pathological changes of kidney were observed after HE staining and Sirius-red staining in rats of all groups.Results The protein expression of ADM decreased significantly in model group,Tongmai Yishen Fang group and valsartan group compared with sham-operation group(P<0.05).The content and protein expression of ADM were higher in Tongmai Yishen Fang group and valsartan group than those in model group(P<0.05),and the difference was not significant between two treatment groups.The protein expression of α-SMA increased significantly in model group,Tongmai Yishen Fang group and valsartan group compared with sham-operation group(P<0.05),and lower significantly in Tongmai Yishen Fang group and valsartan group compared with model group(P<0.05),but the difference was not significant between two treatment groups.The expression of ADM and expression of α-SMA showed significant negative correlation.Conclusion Tongmai Yishen Fang can play a role of antagonizing renal interstitial fibrosis through up-regulating the expression of ADM and inhibiting tubular epithelial phenotypic transdifferentiation.
摘要:Objective To compare the influence of microinjection of AMPA in hippocampus CA1 zone on subunit positive cells of AMPA in amygdaloid nucleus BLA zone in rat model with syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency by using immunohistochemistry assay,and investigate the mechanism of Xiaoyao San in regulation of syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency.Methods Male SD rats(n=25) were randomly divided into normal group,model group,sham-operation group,AMPA group and Xiaoyao San group.The model of syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency was established with 21-day chronic constraint stress in model group and microinjection of AMPA in CA1 zone of bilateral hippocampus.The modeling method in Xiaoyao San group was as the same as possible with that in AMPA group for highlighting the comparability between Xiaoyao San and AMPA.The changes of positive cell number of GluR1 and GluR2 in amygdaloid BLA zone were detected by using immunohistochemistry technique,and whether the change trend of above indexes was consistent was compared between AMPA group and Xiaoyao San group.Results After modeling for 21 days,the differences in the expressions of positive cells of GluR1 and GluR2 had no statistical significance between AMPA group or Xiaoyao San group and normal group(all P>0.05).The differences in the expressions of positive cells of GluR1 and GluR2 had statistical significance between AMPA group or Xiaoyao San group and model group(all P<0.01).The expression of positive cell of GluR1 was higher,and expression of positive cell of GluR2 was lower in AMPA group and Xiaoyao San group than those in model group,so the increasing and decreasing trends of positive cell expressions were consistent in these two groups.The results of integral optical density of positive cells were consistent with the results of positive cell counts in all groups.Conclusion Based on early research and from the angle of immunohistochemistry,it can be deduced further that Xiaoyao San can treat the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency through correcting the disorder of excitation-inhibition and set up again a stable status in amygdale and hippocampus.
关键词:Xiaoyao San;syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency;regulation mechanism;immunohistochemistry;GluR1;GluR2;rats
摘要:Objective To discuss the distribution characteristics of TCM syndromes and syndrome factors of cirrhosis.Methods Through a overall retrieve on modern literature related to the syndromes of cirrhosis in resent 20 years(from 1991 to 2010),the literature accorded with inclusion criterion were selected.The database was built by using EpiData3.1 software,and distribution frequency of TCM syndromes and syndrome factors of cirrhosis was analyzed by using Excel 2003 software.Results ①There were 82 syndromes related to cirrhosis obtained,among them 32 in compensatory stage and 55 in decompensatory stage.The top five syndromes were syndrome of liver qi depression,syndrome of static blood obstructing the collaterals,syndrome of liver-gallbladder dampness-heat,syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency and syndrome of spleen-stomach dampness-heat in compensatory stage,and syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency,syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency,syndrome of dampness-heat(accumulation),syndrome of qi stagnation and dampness obstruction and syndrome of static blood obstructing the collaterals in decompensatory stage.Totally the top five syndromes included syndrome of dampness-heat(accumulation),syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency,blood stasis syndrome,syndrome of liver qi depression and syndrome of spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance.②There were 24 syndrome factors related to cirrhosis obtained,among them 7 related to disease locations including liver,spleen,kidney,collaterals,gallbladder,stomach and middle energizer appeared in both compensatory stage and decompensatory stage,and 17 related to disease nature.According to the frequency,there were 12 in compensatory stage including successively dampness-heat,qi stagnation,blood stasis,yin deficiency,dampness obstruction,deficiency,qi deficiency,yang deficiency,qi counterflow,cold dampness,heat/fire and blood deficiency,and 16 in decompensatory stage including successively qi stagnation,blood stasis,dampness obstruction,dampness-heat,yin deficiency,qi deficiency,yang deficiency,deficiency,water retention,cold dampness,phlegm,heat/fire,qi counterflow,bleeding,heat toxin and blood deficiency.Conclusion ①In the compensatory stage and decompensatory stage of cirrhosis,the syndromes and types are complicated.In compensatory stage the syndromes are mainly excess ones such as syndrome of liver qi depression,syndrome of static blood obstructing the collaterals and syndrome of liver-gallbladder dampness-heat,and in decompensatory stage the syndromes are mainly deficiency ones such as syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency and syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency.②The distribution of syndrome factors related to disease locations shows that liver,spleen and kidney are common factors.The distribution of syndrome factors related to disease nature shows that there are water retention,bleeding and heat toxin in decompensatory stage which are not appeared in compensatory stage.The syndromes,therefore,are more complicated and severe in decompensatory stage.
关键词:cirrhosis;syndrome types;syndrome factors;literature study
摘要:Objective To observe the influences of Xuefu Zhuyu Tang on model animals with pulmonary fibrosis.Methods The mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by tracheal injection of bleomycin,and then the mice were divided into mouse model group,mouse low-dose Xuefu Zhuyu Tang group(mouse low-dose group),mouse high-dose Xuefu Zhuyu Tang group(mouse high-dose group) and mouse blank group.All groups were intragastrically given corresponding medicinals for 28 days,and then the content of hydroxyproline(HYP),collagen fiber and elastic fiber in lung tissue were detected.The rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by the same method,and then the rats were divided into rat model group,rat Xuefu Zhuyu Tang group,rat poly A group(PA group) and rat blank group.All groups were intragastrically given corresponding medicinals for 28 days,and then the dynamic changes of content of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),laminin(LN) and hyaluronic acid(HA) were detected.Results Compared with mouse blank group,the content of HYP and collagen fiber increased significantly and content of elastic fiber decreased in mouse model group.In mouse low-dose group and mouse high-dose group,the content of HYP and collagen fiber decreased and content of elastic fiber increased(P<0.05).Compared with rat blank group,the activity of serum SOD decreased,and content of MDA,LN and HA increased in rat model group(P<0.05).Compared with rat model group,the content of MDA and HA decreased in varying degrees,activity of serum SOD increased(P<0.05) and content of serum LN had no significant changes in rat Xuefu Zhuyu Tang group.Conclusion Xuefu Zhuyu Tang has the interfering effect in varying degrees on oxygen free radical injury in animal model of pulmonary fibrosis,and can improve the metabolism of extracellular matrix(ECM) through reducing the content of serum HA,and HYP and collagen fiber and raising elastic fiber in lung tissue.
FU Yong-qing,HUA Chen,CHEN Bing-rong,FU Tian-xiao,ZHANG Jun,ZHOU Jian
Vol. 35, Issue 11, Pages: 757-760(2012)
摘要:Objective To investigate the intervention effect of Sijunzi Tang combining fast-track surgery(FTS) on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods Health SD rats(n=60) were randomly divided into sham-operation group,non-FTS group and FTS group,and FTS group was divided further into routine group and Chinese medicinal group(FTS+CM group,each n=15).The model of obstructive jaundice was established by common bile duct ligation in all rats,and FTS groups and non-FTS group were given the operation of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion.FTS+CM group was additionally given Chinese medicinals(Sijunzi Tang).After 24 hours,the levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were detected.The morphological changes of liver were observed after HE staining.The in situ apoptosis of liver cells was detected by using TUNEL and apoptosis index(AI) was calculated.Results The comparison in the levels of ALT and AST showed that there was no significant difference between sham-operation group and FTS groups(P>0.05),there was a difference between sham-operation group and non-FTS group(P<0.05),there was a difference between non-FTS group and FTS groups(P<0.05),and there was a difference between routine group and FTS+CM group(P<0.05).The comparison in level of MDA showed there was no difference among all groups(P>0.05).The comparison in level of SOD showed that there was no difference between sham-operation group and routine group(P>0.05),and there were differences in the comparison among other groups(P<0.05).The morphological observation showed that the injury was milder in FTS groups than that in non-FTS group.AI was significantly lower in sham-operation group than that in other groups(P<0.01),and higher in non-FTS group than that in FTS groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The intervention of FTS ameliorates the apoptosis of liver cells,reduce the injury degree of liver cells and liver function induced by ischemia-reperfusion in jaundice rats.
摘要:Objective To investigate the influences of Cigu(Sagittaria Sagittifolia) on cytochrome P450(CYP450) in rats with liver damage induced by the combination of isoniazid(INH) and rifampin(RFP).Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups including control group,model group and high-dose,mid-dose and low-dose Cigu groups(high-dose group,mid-dose group and low-dose group,each n=8).Except of control group,other four groups were intragastrically given INH(50 mg/kg) and RFP(50 mg/kg) every day,and after two hours,given respectively distilled water,low-dose Cigu(5 g/kg),mid-dose Cigu(10 g/kg) and high-dose Cigu(15 g/kg) once a day and 20 mL/kg each time for 28 days.The increasing rate of body weight was calculated.After the last giving of medicinals for 16 hours,the samples of liver tissue and serum were collected from rats,and the content of serum alanine transaminase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST),content of nitric oxide(NO) in liver homogenate,and activities of CYP450 and its subtype P4502E1(CYP2E1) in liver particles were detected.Results Compared with model group,rat body weight increased significantly in high-dose group.The activities of serum ALT and AST decreased significantly,and NO content in liver homogenate decreased significantly.The activities of CYP450 and CYP2E1 decreased significantly.There were statistical differences among all indexes.Conclusion The protective effect of Cigu on liver damaged by combination of INH and RFP in rats may be related to inhibiting the activities of CYP450 and CYP2E1 and regulating NO level.
WANG Tian-ran1,WANG Lan-tian2,GU Yu1,ZOU Zi-ying1,LI Ji-hong1,CHEN Li1
Vol. 35, Issue 11, Pages: 765-768(2012)
摘要:Objective To observe the influences of quercetin on the parameters of anemia and serum iron in rats with experimental chronic renal failure(CRF).Methods SD rats were randomly divided diveded into normal group(n=8),CRF group(n=40) and quercetin group(n=10).CRF group and quercetin group were fed ademine for 8 weeks to establish CRF model.Quercetin group was orally given quercetin(100 mg/kg) on the 15th day,and normal group and CRF group were given normal saline water in the same dose for 42 days.The CRF model was established by feeding to rats fodder containing ademine for 8 weeks.The quercetin group was orally given quercetin(100 mg/kg/d) on the 15th day for 42 days.At the end of the 8th week,the peripheral red cell counts(RBC),hemoglobin(HGB),hematocrits(HCT) and serum iron,total iron binding capacity(TIBC) and ferritin(FER) were detected and compared in all groups.Results In CRF group,RBC,HGB and HCT decreased significantly compared with normal group(P<0.001).In quercetin group,RBC,HGB and HCT increased significantly compared with CRF group(P<0.001) but were still lower than those in normal group.The levels of serum iron,TIBC and FER decreased significantly in CRF group compared with normal group(P<0.001),and increased significantly in quercetin group compared with CRF group(P<0.001) but were still lower than those in normal group.Conclusion Quercetin has a significant preventive and therapeutic effects on renal anemia and relieves the disorders of iron metabolism and utilization in rats with experimental CRF.
摘要:Objective To screen the types and dosage of penetration enhancers in prescription of Zhitong Emplastrum.Methods The abdominal skin of rats was taken as penetration medium,improved Franz diffusion cell method was applied and the active principle of Zhitong Emplastrum,imperatorin,was taken as the index of cumulative penetration volume,the penetration enhancers with different combination and doses were tested and compared.Results The skin penetration volume of imperatorin was the highest when 5% prescription dose of azone-NMP(1:1) was taken as penetration enhancer.Conclusion The types,usages and doses have larger influences on the skin penetration volume of active principle in Zhitong Emplastrum,and they should be optimized.
摘要:Objective To observe the treatment of primary sperm abnormality with needle-pricking therapy and its influences on hormone level and seminal plasma indexes based on the theory of skin relating to internal viscera and nerve segment distribution.Methods The patients(n=186) were randomly divided into two groups,treatment group(n=93) was given needle-pricking therapy in sacral plexus points(both),genital plexus points(both) and L-2 plexus points(both),and control group(n=93) was given orally Wuzi Yanzong Wan(produced by Beijing Tongrentang Pharma).A therapeutic course was 60 days.The curative effect was observed and compared between two groups.The samples of semen and blood were collected before and after treatment.The levels of procreate-endocrine hormones were detected by using radioimmunoassay.The content of superoxide dismutase(SOD),trace elements zinc(Zn) and cadmium(Cd) and indexes of hemorrheology were detected.Results The total effective rate was 83.87% in treatment group,and 55.91% in control group(P<0.01).The secretion of productive endocrine hormone was significantly improved in two groups(P<0.01) after treatment.In treatment group,the levels of seminal plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD) and zinc increased significantly and level of cadmium decreased significantly after treatment compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).The values of whole blood apparent viscosity and plasma viscosity were significantly improved in treatment group compared before and after treatment.Conclusion Needle-pricking therapy has the functions of regulating endocrine and improving hemodynamics,and reducing the apoptosis of sperms in growth circle in the treatment of primary sperm abnormality.The therapy plays an important role in increasing the quality of sperms and seminal plasma and pregnancy rate.
LIU Tie-gang,ZHANG Wang,YUAN Bo-nong,XU Long-yun,YU He,GU Xiao-hong
Vol. 35, Issue 11, Pages: 778-780(2012)
摘要:Expelling pathogen is the top principle in the treatment of warm diseases,and outthrusting pathogen is an important one,which embodies the characteristics of treatment of warm diseases and is applied throughout the whole therapeutic system.The paper defined the generalized and specific meanings of outthrusting pathogen through theory elaboration,and discussed the mechanism of the therapy of outthrusting pathogen from the nature,types and development of warm pathogen.The therapy of outthrusting pathogen was divided into four types including method of outthrusting by diffusion,method of outthrusting by clearing,method of outthrusting by cooling and method of outthrusting by nourishing,and their nature,indications and complicating diseases were stated.Through the case analysis and examples offering in clinic,the authors elaborated the clinical thinking,approaches and values of the therapy of outthrusting pathogen.The therapy plays an important role in the development and prognosis of different warm diseases,and can guide the treatment of warm diseases.
关键词:therapy of outthrusting pathogen;warm diseases;clinical application
摘要:Objective To discuss the mechanism of Shoutai Wan in fetus protection through detecting the expressions of T-bet and GATA3 mRNA,and level changes of interleukin-2(IL-2),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-4 and IL-10 in the patients with unknown recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA)before and after treatment with Shoutai Wan.Methods The patients(n=50) were randomly divided into Chinese medicinal group(n=30) treated with Shoutai Wan,and control group(n=20),and a normal group(n=20) was set up including women with normal early pregnancy.Two samples of peripheral vein blood were collected from the patients of three groups respectively,one was centrifugalized out plasma for detecting the levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-4 and IL-10 by using ELISA,and other one was centrifugalized out peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) with gradient centrifugation according to the density.The expressions of T-bet mRNA and GATA-3 mRNA in PBMCs were detected by using RT-PCR.Results Before the treatment,the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ and expression of T-bet mRNA were higher,and levels of IL-4 and IL-10 and expression of GATA-3 mRNA were lower in the patients than those in normal group(P<0.05).The expression of T-bet mRNA was correlated to levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ and negatively correlated to levels of IL-4 and IL-10.The expression of GATA-3 mRNA was correlated to levels of IL-4 and IL-10 and negatively correlated to levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ.After the treatment,the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 increased,expression of GATA-3 mRNA significantly increased,and levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ and expression of T-bet mRNA decreased in the patients.The abortion rate was lower in Chinese medicinal group than that in control group with significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Shoutai Wan can regulate the ratio of T-bet to GATA-3 through up-regulating the expression of GATA-3 mRNA,down-regulating the expression of T-bet mRNA,and then up-regulates the levels of IL-4 and IL-10,down-regulates the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ,reverses the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells and maintains normal pregnancy.
LIU Shi-wei1,ZHANG Ning1,LI Tong-xia1,REN Ke3,LI Jian-min3,JIANG Chun-sheng1,LUO Yan-nan1
Vol. 35, Issue 11, Pages: 786-790(2012)
摘要:Objective To analysis the syndrome characteristics in patients with renal bone disease(RBD) having long-term maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),and observe the curative effect of therapy of tonifying kidney and activating blood circulation.Methods A cross-section survey on TCM syndromes was carried out in 165 RBD patients by using scale.The symptom variables were given factor analysis for obtaining RBD syndrome groups.All patients were divided into Chinese medicinal group(CM group,n=84) and control group(n=81) by using random block method.The two groups were treated with routine comprehensive therapy and CM group was additionally given Bushen Huoxue Granules.The therapeutic course and follow-up period were,respectively,three months.Results There were 5 syndrome factors concluded after analyzing symptom variables,including liver-kidney yin deficiency,turbid toxin accumulating in the interior,kidney yang deficiency,water-dampness stopping in the interior and static blood obstructing the collaterals.When followup was finished,the scores of all syndromes were lower in CM group than those in control group,and there were significant differences in syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency(P<0.05) and syndrome of water-dampness stopping in the interior(P<0.01).The analysis considering time and intervening factors showed that there were significant differences in syndrome of turbid toxin accumulating in the interior(P<0.05),syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency(P<0.01) and syndrome of kidney yang deficiency(P<0.01).Conclusion The major syndromes are summed up as liver-kidney yin deficiency,turbid toxin accumulating in the interior,kidney yang deficiency,water-dampness stopping in the interior and static blood obstructing the collaterals in the patients with RBD,and the therapy of tonifying kidney and activating blood circulation can effectively relieve the above mentioned syndromes.
关键词:renal bone disease;renal osseous dystrophy;syndromes;factor analysis;bone metabolism