最新刊期
      卷 45 ， 期 1 ， 2022

        Chuanxi Anthology

      • Qi Wang
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 1-10(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.001
        摘要：Ontology is a philosophical topic exploring the origin of the universe and the nature of everything in existence.Ontology of different natural disposition is understood through its corresponding epistemology, and it determines different methodologies and then dominates generation of different thinking models.In the scope of the knowledge of ontology, there is different life cognition path in qi ontology and material ontology. In the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), qi is the noumenon of the universe, and the qi noumenon is closer to the universe itself than the material noumenon. In this article, the author tries to explain the nature and law of qi ontology based on the following issues, i. e. the base material of qi, qi transformation, its polymorphism, function, induction and interaction, and rhythm to demonstrate its philosophy and scientificity. It will not only highlight the subjective characteristics of TCM, but also lead to scientific norms in the field of TCM.  
        关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;Qi ontology;material ontology   
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        Prestigious Forum

      • Fuye CHANG,Yongyan WANG
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 11-14(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.002
        摘要：To further the study of collaterals, the theory of body fluid collaterals was put forward for the first time based on the existing classification of collaterals into qi collaterals and blood vessels. It is believed that the body fluid collaterals, along with the qi collaterals and blood vessels, are part of the whole system of human meridians and collaterals. As a network spreading through the whole body, they fulfill the main functions of circulation and infiltration of body fluid, while qi collaterals mainly serve qi activity and blood vessels transport blood. The three complement each other in terms of function and structure, forming a complete system of collaterals with important theoretical and practical significance.  
        关键词：meridians and collaterals;qi collaterals;blood vessels;body fluid collaterals;body fluid;COVID-19   
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        Expert Commentary

      • Yanfeng LIU,Tiefeng WANG
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 15-20(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.003
        摘要：Menopause syndrome(MPS) is a series of physical and mental symptoms caused by ovarian function decline and estrogen level fluctuation or a decline in perimenopause. Due to its diverse clinical manifestations and individual differences, it is necessary to integrate traditional Chinese and Western medicine and formulate individualized diagnosis and treatment plans in order to obtain better curative effects.Both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine have their advantages in treating MPS. The main treatment strategy of Western medicine is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), which works quickly and can prevent some chronic diseases among the elderly, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, and postmenopausal urogenital syndrome. However, it is necessary to be aware of the indications and contraindications and closely monitor the occurrence of side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine is based on a holistic theory to regulate patients’ whole body with various therapies, including internal administration, external treatment, acupuncture, and massage, and it is safer than MHT. Traditional Chinese and Western medicine can complement each other in the treatment of MPS, resulting in improved treatment effects and decreased toxicity; hence, combined treatment is widely used in clinical practice. This paper discusses the feasible treatment strategies of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine for different symptoms of MPS in order to provide some clinical reference and lay a foundation for further systematic research in the future.  
        关键词：combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine;menopausal syndrome;review   
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        Theoretical Studies

      • Simiao YU,Ping LI,Yuan LI,Haocheng ZHENG,Ruilin WANG,Yuhang LI,Xia DING
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 29-33(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.005
        摘要："Knowing the liver disease will be transmitted to the spleen, strengthening the spleen" is a theory of Zangfu and "preventive treatment of disease" , which has important guiding significance for the treatment of liver cirrhosis. This paper discusses the scientific basis from the perspective of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, based on the theoretical basis of Chinese medicine and the recent research progress on energy metabolism, immune regulation, and intestinal flora, with the aim to provide medical evidence for the clinical practice guided by this theory and to formulate precise treatment strategies for different pathological stages through the regulation of energy metabolism, intestinal flora, and immune mechanisms, giving better play to the advantages of "preventive treatment of disease" of traditional Chinese medicine, promoting the integration and development of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of liver cirrhosis. This paper provides some reference and inspiration for more in-depth fundamental and clinical translational research.  
        关键词：Knowing the liver disease will be transmitted to the spleen, strengthening the spleen;liver diseases;preventive treatment of disease   
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      • Xu WANG,Juan HE
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 34-37(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.006
        摘要：According to Western medicine, the brain has the functions of sensation, thinking, memory, and regulation of the body and internal organ activities, and it is "the master of the spirit" . However, the Huangdi Neijing clearly states that "the heart is the master of the spirit" , which is now considered to be the result of a philosophical model of thinking. A thorough analysis of the relevant content, that the Huangdi Neijing shows a clear understanding of the anatomical location and organizational characteristics of the brain, as well as its function as "the master of the spirit" . The reason why some of the chapters attribute the spirit to the heart is that the ancients realized in the course of clinical practice that the fullness and smoothness of qi and blood have a great influence on the function of the brain. It is also based on the anatomical understanding that the heart governs the blood vessels, that is, the heart plays a vital role in the smoothness of qi and blood, and therefore the spirit is assigned to the heart, and "the heart governs the blood vessels" is the basis for "heart dominating the spirit" . An objective interpretation of the clinical connotation of "heart dominating the spirit" is an important guide to the treatment of lesions of the "spirit" .  
        关键词：Huangdi Neijing;brain dominating the spirit;heart dominating the spirit;Qi and blood   
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      • Gang ZHOU
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 38-40(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.007
        摘要：Disputes exist with respect to the concept of Piyue and its relationship with Mazirenwan pattern, as well as the meaning of "strong stomach and weak spleen" . In this article, by combining the annotation in the book Zhujie Shanghanlun with records in Shanghanlun and other books, the author draws the following conclusions. The term Piyue has two meanings: (i) the function of conveying fluids from the spleen to the stomach is constrained and fluids are only conveyed to the bladder, and (ii) frequent urination and difficult defecation. Piyue is the outcome of "Taiyang Yangming" , and can be subdivided into patterns including the "Xiaochengqitang pattern" and the "Mazirenwan pattern" based on the type of illness. Piyue is different from Mazirenwan pattern, but Mazirenwan pattern belongs to Piyue. Mazirenwan was originally formulated for patients with stomach and intestinal dryness binding syndrome, and in clinical practice, this formula should not be adjusted according to whether the patient has spleen-qi or spleen-yin deficiency.  
        关键词：Piyue;Taiyang Yangming;Mazirenwan pattern;strong stomach and weak spleen   
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        Chinese Medicinal Pharmacology

      • Min ZHOU,Li WU,Chongfu TAN,Xuying XU
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 41-52(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.008
        摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to observe the in vitro effect of Huiyang Shengji ointment (HYSJO) on the functional damage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated mouse bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).MethodsThe EPCs of mouse bone marrow were extracted, separated, and cultured by density gradient centrifugation combined with the differential adhesion method.Then, EPCs were identified by observation of cell morphology, and the uptake of Dil-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein (DiL-ac-LDL) combined with FITC-labeled Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 (FITC-UEA-1) binding.A water extract of HYSJO was prepared and the maximum non-toxic mass concentration(C) was determined using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.A qualitative analysis of the chemical components of the water extract of HYSJO was performed. The EPCs were stimulated with 0.12 mL/L H2O2 to simulate the oxidative stress state of diabetic foot ulcer, the cell density was adjusted to 5×108 L-1, and cells were plated on culture plates (five wells per group). The cells were divided into the control group, the model group, and the high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose groups; the latter were treated with the water extract of HYSJO at a concentration of C, C/2, and C/4, respectively. Cell proliferation, cell migration, and tubule formation were analyzed by CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, and the tubule formation test, respectively. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α)and nitric oxide (NO) levels in cell supernatants were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nitrate reductase activity, respectively.ResultsThe extracted EPCs were induced and cultured to day 7. The cells were identified as mouse bone marrow EPCs. The maximum non-toxic mass concentration (C) as determined by CCK-8 assay was 50 mg/L, so the specific doses of the high-, medium-, and low-dose HYSJO groups were 50, 25, 12.5 mg/L, respectively. There are 35 ingredients in the ointment extract, including astragaloside IV, ginsenosides, and cinnamaldehyde. Compared with the control group, the OD value of the model group decreased (P< 0.01), the number of migrating cells decreased (P< 0.05), the tubule formation ability decreased, the total branch length shortened (P< 0.01), and VEGF, SDF-1α、NO content decreased (P< 0.01). The OD values in the medium- and low-dose groups of HYSJO increased (P<0.01). In the medium-dose group, the number of migrating cells increased (P< 0.01), and the VEGF and SDF-1α content decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). In the low-dose group, VEGF, SDF-1α and NO content decreased (P< 0.01). Compared with the model group, the OD values of the high-, medium-, and low-dose groups increased (P<0.01), the tubule formation ability increased (P< 0.01), and SDF-1α content increased (P< 0.01). In the high- and medium-dose groups, the number of migrating cells increased (P< 0.01), the branches were longer (P<0.05, P< 0.01), and VEGF, NO content increased (P< 0.01).ConclusionThe application of the water extract of HYSJO to EPCs under oxidative stress can effectively restore cell proliferation, cell migration, and tubule formation and promote EPC angiogenesis, which may be related to the upregulation of VEGF, SDF-1α and NO content.  
        关键词：Huiyang Shengji ointment;endothelial progenitor cells;proliferation;migration;angiogenesis;mouse   
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        发布时间：2022-01-30
      • Lingshan JI,Hewei QIN,Gaifeng WANG,Jing ZHAO
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 53-61(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.009
        摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to observe the mechanisms underlying the regulatory effects of Dihuang Yinzi in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).MethodsThe AD animal model was established by injecting Aβ1-42 oligomer into the lateral ventricle of rats. Male SD rats were randomly divided into (i) the normal group, (ii) the model group, (iii) the micro-RNA-34a-5p (miR-34a-5p) inhibitor group (80.0 mg/kg), (iv) the Dihuang Yinzi high-dose group (86.4 g/kg), and (v) the Dihuang Yinzi low-dose group (21.6 g/kg) (n=15 rats per group). Treatment lasted for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze method was used to detect the spatial learning and memory ability of rats, the TUNEL method was used to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampus, and real-time PCR was used to measure the hippocampal mRNA levels of miR-34a-5p, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), B lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), B lymphoma-2 related x protein (Bax), caspase-3, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid cell differentiation marker 88 (MyD88), nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).ResultsCompared with the normal group, the escape latency time of the model group was prolonged (P<0.05), the number of crossing the platform was reduced (P<0.05), and the target quadrant time ratio was decreased (P<0.05); the apoptosis rate of hippocampal cells in the model group increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, rats in the miR-34a-5p inhibitor group and the Dihuang Yinzi high- and low-dose groups had a shorter escape latency (P<0.05), more instances of crossing the platform (P<0.05), and the target quadrant time ratio was relatively large (P<0.05); the apoptosis rate of hippocampus in miR-34a-5p inhibitor group and Dihuang Yinzi high-and low-dose groups decreased (P<0.05). The TUNEL analysis revealed that the degree of hippocampal neuron lesions in the miR-34a-5p inhibitor group and the high- and low-dose groups was lower than that of the model group. Compared with the normal group, the expression levels of miR-34a-5p, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA in hippocampus of model group increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of PI3K and bcl-2 mRNA decreased (P<0.05); TLR4, MyD88 and NF in hippocampus of model group- κB p65、IL-1 β, and TNF- α mRNA expression levels increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the hippocampal mRNA levels of miR-34a-5p, Bax, and caspase-3 were lower and the hippocampal mRNA levels of PI3K and Bcl-2 were higher (P<0.05) in the miR-34a-5p inhibitor group and the high- and low-dose groups (P<0.05). The hippocampal mRNA levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, IL-1β, and TNF-α were lower in the miR-34a-5p inhibitor group and the high- and low-dose groups (P<0.05).ConclusionThe mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of Dihuang Yinzi in the treatment of AD may be related to the targeted regulation of miR-34a-5p expression, which in turn affects the PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 signaling pathway, inhibits rat nerve cell apoptosis, and affects the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the inflammatory response of hippocampal glial cells.  
        关键词：Alzheimer’s disease;Dihuang Yinzi;nerve cell apoptosis;micro-RNA-34a-5p;rats   
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      • Li LIANG,Zhuocao QI,Xinyue YANG,Yuanyuan WU,Shengyu XUE,Fuyan LIU,Junfei GU,Decai TANG
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 62-72(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.010
        摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of Huangqi and Ezhu combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the treatment of colon cancer.MethodsOne male BALB/c mouse was used to generate the orthotopic tumor, and orthotopic tumor tissue was transplanted into 80 male BALB/c mice to establish the CT26.WT mouse model. These 80 mice were randomly divided into (i) the model group, (ii) the 5-FU group (25 mg/kg), (iii) the high-dose huangqi plus ezhu group (12 g/kg), (iv) the mid-dose huangqi plus ezhu group (6 g/kg), (v) the low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group (3 g/kg), (vi) the high-dose combination therapy group (12 g/kg + 25 mg/kg), (vii) the mid-dose combination therapy group (6 g/kg + 25 mg/kg), and (viii) the low-dose combination therapy group (3 g/kg + 25 mg/kg) (n= 10 mice per group). Treatment lasted for 3 weeks. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated by collecting tumors after the mice were killed. Chemokin (C-X-C) motif ligand 10 (CXCL10), Chemokin (C-X-C) motif receptor 3 (CXCR3), Chemokin (C-C) motif ligand 3 (CCL3), and Chemokin (C-C) motif receptor 5 (CCR5) mRNA and protein expression levels in tumor tissue, lymphoid tissue, and liver tissue were measured by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively.ResultsCompared with model group, the tumor inhibition rate in each treatment group was increased (P< 0.01). Compared with 5-FU group, the tumor inhibition rate of high-dose, mid-dose, low-dose huangqi plus ezhu groups and high-dose, mid-dose, low-dose combination therapy group was decreased (P< 0.01). Compared with the high-dose huangqi plus ezhu group, the tumor inhibition rate of high-dose combination therapy group was increased (P< 0.01), and low-dose huangqi plus ezhu groups were decreased (P< 0.01). Compared with mid-dose huangqi plus ezhu group, the tumor inhibition rate of low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group was decreased (P< 0.01), and the mid-dose combination therapy group group was increased (P< 0.01). Compared with the high-dose combination therapy group, the tumor inhibition rate of mid-dose combination therapy group was increased (P< 0.01). Compared with mid-dose combination therapy group, the tumor inhibition rate of low-dose combination therapy group was decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the low-dose combination therapy group, the tumor inhibition rate of low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group was decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, mRNA and protein levels of CXCL10, CXCR3, CCL3, and CCR5 were lower in each treatment group (P<0.01). Compared with the 5-FU group, mRNA and protein levels of CXCL10, CXCR3, CCL3, and CCR5 were higher in the mid- and low-dose huangqi plus ezhu groups (P<0.05, P<0.01) and lower in the combination therapy groups (P<0.01). Compared with the 5-FU group, the mRNA and protein levels of CCL3 in orthotopic tumor tissue, lymph node tissue, and liver tissue and the protein levels of CCR5 in the liver tissue of the high-dose huangqi plus ezhu group were increased (P<0.01), and the mRNA levels of CXCL10 and CXCR3 in the high-dose huangqi plus ezhu group were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the high-dose huangqi plus ezhu group, mRNA and the protein levels of chemokines and receptors were decreased in the high-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), the protein levels of chemokines and receptors in orthotopic tumor tissue and lymph node tissue were increased in the mid-dose and low-dose huangqi plus ezhu groups (P<0.05), the protein levels of CXCL10, CXCR3, and CCR5 in liver tissue were increased in the mid-dose and low-dose huangqi plus ezhu groups (P<0.05), the mRNA levels of chemokines and receptors were increased in the low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group(P<0.05), and the mRNA levels of CXCR3, CCL3, and CCR5 were increased in the mid-dose huangqi plus ezhu group(P<0.05). Compared with the mid-dose huangqi plus ezhu group, the mRNA and protein levels of chemokines and receptors were decreased in the mid-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), the protein levels of chemokines and receptors in orthotopic tumor tissue were increased in the low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group (P<0.05), the protein levels of CXCL10 and CCL3 in lymph node tissue were increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of CXCL10 and CCR5 in liver tissue were increased (P<0.05), and the mRNA levels of CXCL10 and CCL3 were increased in the low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group (P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose combination therapy group, the mRNA and protein levels of chemokines and receptors were increased in the low-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), the protein levels of CCL3 and CXCL10 in orthotopic tumor tissue were increased in the mid-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), the protein levels of CCR5, CXCL10, and CXCR3 in lymph node tissue were increased in the mid-dose combination therapy group(P<0.05), the protein levels of CXCL10 and CXCR3 in liver tissue were increased in the mid-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), and the mRNA levels of CXCR3 were increased in the mid-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05). Compared with the mid-dose combination therapy group, the protein levels of CXCL10, CXCR3, and CCR5 in orthotopic tumor tissue were increased in the low-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), the protein levels of CXCL10 and CXCR3 in lymph node tissue were increased in the low-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05), the protein levels of CXCR3 and CCR5 in liver tissue were increased in the low-dose combination therapy group(P<0.05), and the mRNA levels of CXCR3 and CCL3 were increased in the low-dose combination therapy group (P<0.05). Compared with the low-dose combination therapy group, the mRNA and protein levels of chemokines and receptors were increased in the low-dose huangqi plus ezhu group (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe combination of Huangqi and Ezhu can inhibit the proliferation of CT26.WT orthotopic tumors, and combination therapy with 5-FU could further enhance the efficacy. The underlying therapeutic mechanism may be related to the downregulation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 and CCL3/CCR5 axes, which are closely related to tumor invasion and metastasis.  
        关键词：Huangqi;Ezhu;colon cancer;5-FU;CT26.WT;CXCL10/CXCR3 axis;CCL3/CCR5 axis;mouse   
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        Clinical Studies

      • Jiami HUANG,Guohua HU,Yiting WAN,Jiayun WANG,Cancan GU,Jueying KONG,Yanhua SONG,Ling ZUO,Jing CHEN
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 73-80(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.011
        摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of Yushen Huoxue formula on patients with adenomyosis secondary pain and blood stasis syndrome.MethodsA total of 64 patients with adenomyosis secondary to dysmenorrhea and blood stasis in the Shanghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to October 2020. According to the random number table method, they were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=32) and a control group(n=32). The experimental group was given Yushen Huoxue formula and the control group was given drospiroone and ethenestradiol tablets for 3 months. Clinical efficacy, the pain VAS score, The Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS) score, the adenomyosis blood stasis syndrome scale of traditional Chinese medicine, uterine volume, serum CA125 levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) contents were compared between both groups.ResultsThe VAS scores of the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P< 0.01). The severity and duration of dysmenorrhea in the experimental group were reduced after treatment (P< 0.01), and the severity of dysmenorrhea in the control group was reduced after treatment (P< 0.01). Compared with the control group, the severity and duration of dysmenorrhea in the experimental group decreased after treatment (P< 0.01). The TCM symptom scores of the two groups decreased after treatment (P< 0.01). Compared with the control group, the score of TCM symptoms in the experimental group decreased after treatment (P<0.01). The symptoms of lower abdominal fixed pain or tingling in both groups were reduced after treatment (P< 0.01). After treatment, the patients in the experimental group had dark menstrual blood or blood clots, menstrual disorder, or menorrhagia, and the symptoms were relieved (P< 0.01). Compared with the control group, the scores of fixed pain or tingling of the lower abdomen during menstruation, dark menstrual blood or blood clots, menstrual disorder, or menorrhagia in the experimental group decreased after treatment (P<0.05). The uterine volume decreased, serum CA125 levels decreased, and the serum SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px levels increased (P< 0.01). Compared with the control group, the uterine volume decreased, CA125 levels decreased, and the serum SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px levels increased in the experimental group (P< 0.05, P< 0.01).ConclusionYushen Huoxue formula can effectively relieve the degree of dysmenorrhea caused by blood stasis syndrome secondary to adenomyosis, shorten the time of dysmenorrhea, improve the conditions such as dark menstrual blood or blood clots, menstrual disorder, or excessive amounts of menstrual blood, reduce the size of the uterus, and reduce the serum CA125 levels. The mechanism of action may be related to its antioxidant effects.  
        关键词：Yushen Huoxue formula;secondary dysmenorrhea of adenomyosis;blood stasis type;oxidative stress;clinical research   
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      • Jiaxin LI,Yufeng YANG,Yan SHI
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 81-86(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.012
        摘要：Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance (IR). A number of studies have shown that the nuclear bile acid receptor Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is closely related to diabetes, and activation or inhibition of FXR affects the occurrence and development of the disease. According to traditional Chinese medicine, the liver and gallbladder belong to wood, whereas spleen and stomach belong to soil, and soil and wood are related to each other. If soil is weak and cannot reach wood, wood will be stagnant in qi, that is, earth stagnation and wood depression. Soil stagnation is the initiating factor of IR. If the spleen soil stagnates, the water and valleys will not be transformed, which can lead to pathological products, such as phlegm, dampness, and blood stasis, which can lead to internal heat, damage to fluids, and transformtion to dryness, and cause Xiaoke. Earth stagnation and wood depression is key to the pathogenesis of IR. Soil cannot transport the essence of water and valley to nourish the liver. If the liver is not nourished, the function of dredging will become abnormal, leading to stagnation of liver qi. Over time, it can dissipate heat, consume injury and body fluid, and cause Xiaoke. FXR is mainly distributed in the liver and intestines. It is the entry point to explain the scientific connotation of the theory of earth stagnation and wood depression. It can promote the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and regulate sugar. Insulin signaling pathways such as pro-synthesis, gluconeogenesis, sugar transport, and inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation can improve IR. Therefore, this study starts from the FXR to explore the modern biological basis of type 2 diabetes IR, which is caused by earth stagnation and wood depression, and it provides new scientific connotation for the theory of earth stagnation and wood depression  
        关键词：Bile acid nucleus receptor FXR;earth stagnation and wood depression;type 2 diabetes;insulin resistance   
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      • Xinyan JIN,Wenhui CHEN,Shuanglei LI,Yunxia JIANG,Ruijie WU,Simin TAN
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 87-91(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.013
        摘要：Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic degenerative bone disease caused by a lack of estrogen in the body. It is the result of both physiologic and pathologic effects. The main clinical manifestations are bone pain, spinal deformity, and fracture. Tiangui is an essential substance that promotes human growth and development and maintains reproductive function. Menopausal women will run out of Tiangui, the Taichong pulse is weak, and the source of yin-blood is lacking. Therefore, yin deficiency cannot control yang, and yang qi hyperactivity is harmful, which results in a state of insufficient yin-blood and a lack of control of yang hyperactivity. According to the physiological characteristics of women and the characteristics of the disease, the Suanzaoren formula combined with the Baihe Dihuang formula is used to nourish blood, collect yin, and clear away heat, which can restore liver health, replenish the kidneys, store yin-blood, and nourish and strengthen bones. This article discusses the mechanism of the Suanzaoren formula combined with the Baihe Dihuang formula in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis according to the theory of "yin-blood deficiency" , in order to provide new ideas for the research and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.  
        关键词：deficiency of yin-blood;postmenopausal osteoporosis;Suanzaoren formula;Baihe Dihuang formula   
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      • Meiwen XIE,Sheng CHEN,Xiao Li,Mengdie NAN,Xiaojie LI,Yue WANG,Li HOU
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 92-96(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.014
        摘要：Based on the relevant theories of Huangdi Neijing, the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is summarized. It is concluded that evil qi enters the stomach from the meridians to the stomach organs, blocks the movement of qi and blood in the body, and produces pathological products such as phlegm, water dampness, and blood stasis, which accumulate and become toxic, resulting in cancer toxicity, blocking the meridians, and causing gastric cancer.At the same time, ingested evil can also hurt the stomach, gather in the yin pulse, absorb the essence, rot (producing pus), and block the meridians, resulting in gastric cancer. The target organ of gastric cancer metastasis also has a certain tendency, which may be related to the meridian metastasis of gastric cancer. Treatment is mainly based on the search for meridians, collateral removal, division of meridians, flexible use of channel-ushering drugs and wind medicines to treat its origin, and acupuncture and moxibustion to help healthy qi and force evil to go out, so as to eliminate gastric cancer. The ultimate aim should always be to prevent or treat gastric cancer and metastasis.Our summary provides treatment ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.  
        关键词：gastric cancer;meridian;Tumor metastasis;syndrome differentiation and treatment   
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      • Yuan JING,Weisheng HU,Qianfeng CHEN,Jiatuo XU,Candong LI
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 97-101(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.015
        摘要：State maintenance is the key to human health. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) beauty and health management systems should take "state identification" as the core to identify, evaluate, and intervene with the local and overall health state of the skin and the body shape, so as to manage and maintain diseases that may affect a person’s beauty. The TCM beauty and health management system should attach importance to the combination of "three-view" and "four-state" management, that is, to collect the parameter information of skin, body shape, and overall state at the macro, meso, and microscopic levels from a holistic point of view and comprehensively analyze these by the four diagnostic methods, to distinguish and identify the disease-free state, the disease-prone state, the diseased state, and the post-disease state, and to use the corresponding intervention means to adjust the state. Meanwhile, we should standardize the process of TCM beauty and health management and solve the key issues of the five core contents in the construction of this system, in order to provide complete, dynamic, and personalized management services for beauty seekers, which is of great significance for promoting the intersection and integration of TCM health management and TCM cosmetology and maintaining human health and beauty.  
        关键词：state identification;TCM cosmetology;TCM health management   
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        Acupuncture and Moxibustion

      • Yanan LI,Yao WANG,Xiaolei ZHANG,Mengni HU,Ling QI,Lei GUO,Peihao YU,Jun MA
        Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 102-108(2022) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2022.01.016
        摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to observe the effect of electroacupuncture on constipation symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) mice and its mechanism.MethodsThe PD mouse model was constructed by gavage with rotenone.Male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into (i) the normal group, (ii) the model group, and (iii) the electroacupuncture group (n = 12 mice per group). In the electroacupuncture group, the acupoints Fengfu(GV 16), Taichong(LV 3) and Zusanli(ST 36) were electroacupunctured (30 min/time, 1 time/day, 14 days of treatment). Mice in the normal and model groups were fixed at the same time, but no treatment was given. The weights of fecal excretion at 12 h were recorded, the changes in intestinal propulsion ability were observed, the levels of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the midbrain and colon were measured by immunohistochemistry. The intestinal relative mRNA levels of acetylcholine transporter (ChAT), nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured by real-time fluorescence quantification.ResultsCompared with the normal group, the mice in the model group had reduced fecal weight (P<0.01) and a reduced small intestinal propulsion rate (P<0.01); the mean optical density of α-syn in the midbrain substantia nigra and colonic tissues was higher (P<0.01); TH and ChAT mRNA levels in colon tissue were reduced (P<0.01); and nNOS mRNA levels were increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the mice in the electroacupuncture group had higher fecal weight (P<0.01) and a higher small intestinal propulsion rate (P<0.01); the mean optical density of α-syn in both the midbrain substantia nigra and colonic tissue decreased (P<0.01); the mRNA levels of TH and ChAT in colonic tissue were higher (P<0.01); and nNOS mRNA levels were lower (P<0.01).ConclusionElectroacupuncture at the acupoints Fengfu(GV 16), Taichong(LV 3) and Zusanli(ST 36) reduces α-syn aggregation and regulates the expression of ChAT, TH, and nNOS, thus improving the symptoms of constipation in mice with PD.  
        关键词：Parkinson’s disease;electroacupuncture;constipation;enteric nervous system;mice   
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