最新刊期
卷 46 ， 期 7 ， 2023
- 摘要：The life sciences form the frontier of contemporary science, and the systematic and holistic research model of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution may contribute to reveal the essential problems underlying life phenomena. After more than 40 years of development of TCM constitution theory, the three key scientific issues of "constitution being separable", "constitution and disease being linkable" and "constitution being recuperable", and the four basic principles of "genetic endowment theory", "life process theory", "body-spirit composition theory" and "environmental constraint theory" have been put forward and explained. In the context of contemporary science, this paper puts forward six interpretations of TCM constitution research in the life sciences, in order to clarify the theoretical connotation of TCM constitution in decoding life phenomena and life essence, and to promote the cross-integration of TCM constitution and life sciences.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine constitution;life science;life phenomena;life essence;interdisciplinary
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Voice of Guidance
- 摘要：Antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and clopidogrel are the cornerstones of the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), which can significantly improve treatment outcomes; however, long-term use increases the risk of bleeding and drug resistance. Recent clinical studies have shown that the combination of Chinese medicinals for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis with antiplatelet drugs has further reduced the disability rate and mortality of patients with CHD without increasing the risk of bleeding, but the evidence needs to be further strengthened for clinical application. Therefore, to achieve the secondary prevention of CHD, it is important to expand the clinical and mechanistic studies on the prevention and treatment of CHD with Chinese medicinals for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis combined with antiplatelet drugs according to the requirements of evidence-based medicine, objectively evaluating its efficacy and safety advantages, and exploring its biological mechanism.关键词：promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis;Chinese medicinals;antiplatelet drugs;coronary heart disease(CHD);secondary prevention
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a research hotspot in the development of TCM and an issue of widespread concern. Scientifically and appropriately selecting indicators to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM in the prevention and treatment of chronic heart failure is difficult. In this paper, the outcome indicators of TCM for chronic heart failure are divided into seven categories: long-term prognosis, objective inspection, symptoms and signs, quality of life, exercise tolerance, health economics, and safety. The current research status is also discussed. It is found that there are various types of outcome indicators to evaluate the treatment of chronic heart failure with TCM, and there are no unified and standardized recommended selection criteria, due to factors including the failure to clearly distinguish between primary and secondary efficacy indicators, failure to pay attention to outcome indicators and evaluate quality of life, and the lack of a unified TCM efficacy evaluation tool for symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a unified and standardized tool to evaluate the efficacy of TCM treatment of chronic heart failure, and the selection and application of standards for clinical research outcome indicators.This is necessary to perform high-quality clinical research on TCM treatment of heart failure with outcome indicator as the main evaluation indicator, and obtain internationally recognized evidence-based support for TCM.关键词：chronic heart failure;efficacy evaluation;outcome indicators;syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：With the advancement of medical technology and the development of human society, the incidence of chronic heart failure is increasing and has become a serious threat to human health. Many patients with chronic heart failure often suffer from sleep disorder, which in turn worsens the condition of patients with chronic heart failure. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of chronic heart failure with sleep disorder. Chronic heart failure with sleep disorder is a common "psycho-cardiological disease". In this paper, we discuss the relationship between the theory of "heart storing the spirit" and chronic heart failure with sleep disorder by explaining the theory of "heart storing the spirit" in TCM and combining the understanding of chronic heart failure with sleep disorder in western medicine. Under the guidance of theories of TCM and the simultaneous treatment of psycho-cardiological disease, the main therapeutic principles are to nourish the heart and calm the mind, invigorate blood and dissolve stasis, and soothe the liver and resolve constraint. We analyze and summarize its efficacy and advantages, so as to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure with sleep disorder.关键词：heart storing the spirit;chronic heart failure;sleep disorder;treatment
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Shuangxin Formula on hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (COR) in patients with depression after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with syndrome of heart blood stasis.MethodsPatients admitted to wards and outpatients of Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine between April 2021 and December 2021 were selected. According to a random number table, 72 patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 36 cases per group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine after PCI, and placebo. The experimental group was treated with conventional western medicine after PCI and Shuangxin Formula. The treatment period for both groups was 4 weeks. The serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, 5-HT, ACTH, and COR in the experimental group and the control group before and after treatment were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the correlation was analyzed. The total quantitative score of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and the single score of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms were compared before and after treatment.ResultsAfter 4 weeks’ treatment, the serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, ACTH, and COR in the two groups decreased(P<0.01), and the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, ACTH, and COR in the experimental group were lower than in the control group (P<0.01). After 4 weeks’ treatment, the serum level of 5-HT was higher than before treatment in both group (P<0.01), and the serum level of 5-HT in the experimental group was higher than in the control group (P<0.01). Before and after treatment, the level of 5-HT was negatively correlated with the serum levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the two groups (P<0.05, P<0.01); the levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 were positively correlated with the levels of ACTH and COR (P<0.05, P<0.01); and the level of 5-HT was negatively correlated with the levels of ACTH and COR (P<0.01). After treatment, the total quantitative score of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and the single score of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms in both groups were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01). The total quantitative score of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and the single score of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms in the experimental group were lower than in the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionShuangxin Formula may reduce the inflammatory response by reducing the levels of the inflammatory factors hs-CRP and IL-6, and then upregulating the excitability of 5-HT, and inhibiting the levels of the HPA axis-related factors ACTH and COR, thus playing the role of spirit-heart treatment.关键词：Shuangxin Formula;percutaneous coronary intervention;depression;inflammation;syrdrome of heart blood stasis
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Special Theme: TCM Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
- 摘要：The energy of radioactive rays kills various kinds of tumor cells, which makes radiotherapy one of the most important treatments for malignant tumors. In this paper, we present a study on the " herbalization" of radioactive rays so as to promote the application and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the use of radiotherapy, and to improve its effects and reduce its side effects. According to the theory of TCM, radioactive rays are hot in property, acrid, bitter and salty in flavor, and toxic. Radioactive rays’ channel tropism are spleen, stomach, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, kidney and bladder channels. As radioactive rays are effective at breaking blood stasis, resolving mass, and eliminating toxins to inhibit cancer, they are mainly applied to treat a variety of malignant tumors. In addition, the application, the usage and dosage, and the matters need attention are explained in order to provide guidance for the clinical application of radiation from the perspective of TCM.关键词：radiation;herbalization;medicinal nature of Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：The membrane system is a complex multi-level system in the body, which is composed of the membrane structure and its subsidiary structures. It is distributed over all body cavities, and plays an important role in barrier and protection, connection and coordination, nutrition and metabolism in a specific level and space range. Guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the theory of membrane system systematically studies the physiological and pathological characteristics of the membrane system. It has significant advantages in guiding the diagnosis and treatment of multi-system diseases and recurrent diseases. Combining modern science and technology, it can clarify the scientific connotation of membrane system theory and the mechanism of disease diagnosis and treatment from multiple perspectives, which has important guiding significance for medical research.关键词：theory of membrane system;sanjiao;multi-system diseases;theory of traditional Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要："Turbid blood" theory as a new theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), refers to the pathological phenomenon that blood loses its pure state and becomes chaotic, turbid and dysfunctional under the action of various factors. As a pathological product, turbid blood can also be a secondary pathogenic factor of many diseases. Microangiopathy is one of the common complications of diabetes, along with kidney disease and retinopathy. Endothelial cells are a layer of special flat cells between plasma and the blood vessel wall. They have many functions, such as metabolic exchange between plasma and the tissue fluid, synthesis and secretion of bioactive substances, and maintenance of vascular tension. Endothelial cell injury and dysfunction induced by diabetes are the key pathological factors leading to microangiopathy, which is highly consistent with the characteristics of turbid blood. Turbid blood is the cause of endothelial cell damage, and the sustained injury of endothelial cells is the pathological basis of turbid blood followed by disease. In this article, we explain the origin of the theory of turbid blood, emphasize that turbid blood belongs to the theory of TCM, and introduce the close relationship between turbid blood and endothelial cell injury. This article is based on the belief that turbid blood and endothelial cell injury are the core pathogenesis leading to diabetic microangiopathy. Moreover, based on the theory of turbid blood and combined with the disease characteristics of diabetic microangiopathy, the pathogenic evolution characteristics of the disease are summarized as yin deficiency leading to dryness-heat, endogenous turbid blood, and collateral stasis obstruction, and the proposed treatment is based on nourishing yin and protecting vessels, clearing turbid blood, and dredging blood stasis to delay the process of diabetic microangiopathy, thereby improving the clinical symptoms of patients.关键词：turbid blood;endothelial cells;diabetic microangiopathy
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：Shaoyang dominating bone theory is derived from Huangdi Neijing, but its connotation has been understood differently by successive generations of physicians. Shaoyang dominating bone theory adheres to the holistic concept of Chinese medicine, based on the core theories of yin and yang, qi and blood, and zangxiang and meridians, and is not confined to a single aspect, which is of great value in explaining the etiological factors and pathogenesis of diseases and guiding the diagnosis and treatment of tendon and bone diseases. In this paper, we briefly explain Shaoyang dominating bone theory; we understand the connotation of Shaoyang dominating bone theory from the perspective of meridians, qi and blood, ministerial fire, and syndrome differentiation of six meridians theory. We find that the liver-bone axis in western medicine is not only inspired by Shaoyang dominating bone theory, but also conforms to the objective judgment of the biological relationship between the liver and bone. Therefore, the liver-bone axis may provide a western medical basis for Shaoyang dominating bone theory. The proposed liver-bone axis can enrich and improve the theory of Shaoyang dominating bone and contribute to the research and clinical treatment of orthopedic diseases.关键词：Shaoyang dominating bone;liver-bone axis;basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine;connotation
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：In clinical practice, the curative effect and the risk due to treatment coexist; that is, the key issue is to ensure the curative effect and minimize the risk. The method of qiaphoresis is a strategy to treat exogenous diseases, but its associated risk is impairment of fluid due to excessive sweating. ZHANG Zhongjing used Mahuang Tang instead of Guizhi Tang to ensure efficacy and prevention of excessive sweating. Mild treatment should be used on chronic diseases because excessive medication may lead to deficiency and lack of medication. Therefore, ZHANG Zhongjing reduced the dosage and changed the dosage form to slowly treat the disease instead of attempting to achieve quick efficacy. Miscellaneous disease is caused by deficiency and excess patterns. ZHANG Zhongjing suggested, through the formula structure of Zhuling Tang, that the general strategy to treat miscellaneous disease is to attack the tangible evil through strengthening vital qi. When a patient’s local state was opposite to his systemic state, a state of clinical contradiction occurred. According to the prescriptional structure of Zhuling Tang and Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Tang, ZHANG Zhongjing suggested that the treatment should be based on treatment of the systemic state with additional local symptoms.关键词：clinical decision-making;treatment risk;miscellaneous diseases;Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：Dampness is one of the important external pathogens in Chinese medicine, and with the changes in peoples living habits, dampness syndrome is becoming more and more common. Due to the different characteristics and functions of different parts of the body, the pathogenesis of dampness is not the same when it attacks, so it is helpful to examine it before clinical treatment. Dampness forms through inner unbalance or invades through external environment. This paper discusses the clinical manifestations of dampness in various parts of the body and highlights the similarities and differences in the pathogenic mechanisms of dampness, taking into account the pathogenic characteristics of dampness as a clue for the external dampness invasion pathway from the surface to the inside. In addition, this paper also explains the disease mechanism of dampness syndrome in the context of western medical research, so as to provide research evidence for the integration of Chinese and western medicine and to improve medical treatment in clinical practice.关键词：dampness syndrome;pathogenesis of dampness;etiology and pathogenesis;western medicine
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：The Ming and Qing dynasties were the key periods for constructing the theory of tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). From the relevant literature in this period, we can see the process of integrating tongue diagnosis into TCM theory. Metaphors help with explaining and constructing new theories. Therefore, this paper uses the metaphor cognitive theory to analyze the literature related to tongue diagnosis in the Ming and Qing dynasties, suggesting that the five elements play a major role in explaining the clinical significance of tongue color and describing the color of the normal tongue from red to light red with "red is the fire of the heart" and the location and functional relationship among the viscera. In exogenous diseases, the "water is cold and fire is hot" in the five elements is used to explain the cold and hot pathogenesis of tongue color, and the lungs and stomach correspond to white fur and yellow fur, respectively, to distinguish the exterior and interior locations of disease. Among internal diseases, the disease location of the viscera and the pathogenesis of deficiency and excess reflected by the tongue color are determined by the five colors corresponding to the viscera. From the perspective of "burnt charcoal is black" and color composition, the ancient physicians explained the tongue diagnosis experience of "black tongue is hot" beyond the five color categories. This study reveals the generalization and refinement of the clinical experience of tongue diagnosis by TCM theory and the important role of metaphors in this process, which provides a reference for understanding more clinical experiences from the perspective of TCM.关键词：tongue diagnosis;color;metaphor;traditional Chinese medicine theory;five elements;exogenous diseases;internal diseases
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：In recent years, the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) has gradually increased. Studies have shown that intestinal mucosal barrier injury is closely related to the occurrence and development of T2DM. The intestinal mucosal barrier is an important barrier between intestinal contents and the body's blood circulation, including the immune barrier, the mechanical barrier, the chemical barrier, and the biological barrier. Intestinal inflammatory reactions take place in various processes of intestinal mucosal barrier injury, which is also a key factor in T2DM-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury. As an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment theory of emaciation-thirst disease, "dryness-heat and stagnation" was first proposed and applied in clinical practice in Liu Wansu’s San Xiao Lun. Improper diet and deficiency of the spleen and stomach are the root causes of the disease, and the weakness of the spleen and stomach is closely related to intestinal digestion and absorption and reduced mucosal barrier function. The endogenous dryness-heat and stagnation of striae and interstices is the key pathogenesis of emaciation-thirst. The evolution of pathogenesis of endogenous dryness-heat in traditional Chinese medicine is quite consistent with the pathological characteristics of a chronic inflammatory response in western medicine. The action of striae and interstices of the intestine is consistent with the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier in western medicine. Therefore, the relationship between intestinal mucosal barrier injury and T2DM is discussed based on "dryness-heat and stagnation" theory, which will provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of T2DM.关键词：dryness-heat and stagnation;intestinal mucosal barrier injury;diabetes mellitus type 2;inflammatory response
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Theoretical Studies
- 摘要：Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, referred to as a pathogenic toxin in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in the convalescent period suffer from a high incidence of palpitations and generally present TCM patterns of qi deficiency. The main pathogenic mechanisms are that (i) the toxin of plague severely injured the human body, resulting in acute deficiency of vital qi; (ii) the damage of sanjiao (a TCM term) energy resulted in the deficiency of producing nutrient qi, defensive qi, and pectoral qi; and (iii) the qi and yin of heart and lung were drained, leading to internal blockade of blood stasis, qi collapse in the chest, qi obstruction, malnutrition of heart blood, and static blood blocking the hear collateral. There is also the pathogenesis of palpitations caused by excessive sweating and disharmony of yin and yang. Furthermore, some COVID-19 patients with palpitations in the convalescent period suffer from qi deficiency inducing dampness obstruction and lingering remnant pathogen. Treatment of symptoms related to palpitations caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron should focus on strengthening vital qi to eliminate the pathogenic factor, including benefiting qi and nourishing yin, invigorating qi for ascending, and promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, while diffusing pathogen and removing dampness in the condition of lingering remnant pathogen.关键词：SARS-CoV-2;Omicron variant;convalescent period;palpitation;pathogenesis;treatment
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发布时间：2023-08-07
COVID-19 Theme
- 摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the protective effect of Qingre Zhixue Formula and tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside on the endothelial damage induced by serum-derived poly IgA in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and its effect on the expression of key proteins of the NF-κB signaling pathway.MethodsA total of 80 patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis from The First Affliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine and 38 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum IgA was purified from all participants in order to prepare serum-derived poly IgA. Moreover, 60 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups (n=12 rats per group): the Qingre Zhixue Formula group (31.25 mg/kg), the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group (46.88 mg/kg), the combined group (31.25 mg/kg + 46.88 mg/kg), the prednisone acetate group (23.44 mg/kg) and the saline group. Rats in each group were gavaged twice a day for 7 days. Additionally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with serum-derived poly IgA (200 μg/mL) derived from patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis for 24 h to construct HUVECs injury model. The cells were divided into the following seven groups: the blank group, the healthy group, the model group, the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, the combined group and the prednisone acetate group, and provide corresponding intervention. siRNA transfection was used to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway, and divide the transfected cells into the blank group, the model group, the model+ normal control group, the model+ transfection group, the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, the combined group and the prednisone acetate group. Cell viability was detected by the MTT assay, the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50, IKKβ, and IκBα were detected by Western blotting before and after transfection.ResultsCompared with the blank group, the cell viability of the model group was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the cell viability of each treatment group was increased (P<0.05). Compared with the combined group, the cell viability of the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, and the prednisone acetate group was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ in the model group were increased (P<0.05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ were decreased in each group (P<0.05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was increased (P<0.05). Compared with the combined group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50, and IKKβ in the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group and the prednisone acetate group were increased (P<0.05), while the protein expression level of IκBα was decreased (P<0.05). After siRNA transfection, compared with the blank group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ in the model group and the model+ normal control group were increased (P<0.05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ were decreased (P<0.05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was increased (P<0.05) in the cells of the model+ transfection group, the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, the combined group and the prednisone acetate group.ConclusionQingre Zhixue Formula combined with tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside may inhibit the activation of the NF-κB pathway to improve the cell viability of HUVECs induced by serum-derived poly IgA in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, so it plays a role in protecting endothelial cells.关键词：Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis;Qingre Zhixue Formula;tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside;human umbilical vein endothelial cells;NF-κB pathway
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Experimental Studies
- 摘要：Cholesterol stones are a common occurrence worldwide. Surgery is an effective way to treat cholesterol stones, but some patients may experience stone regeneration after surgery, and there is still no effective prevention and treatment strategy. Cholesterol supersaturation in bile is a prerequisite for the formation of cholesterol stones, but the specific pathogenesis remains poorly understood. In recent years, studies have found that intestinal dysbacteriosis is an important pathological basis for abnormal lipid metabolism closely related to the formation of cholesterol stones, and maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis can effectively prevent and treat cholesterol stones by taking intestinal flora as the starting point. "Earth stagnation and wood depression" is the pathological process of spleen and soil stagnation, and anti-insult liver wood result in liver wood stagnation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cholesterol stones. By discussing the relationship between "earth stagnation" and intestinal flora, this paper proposes the important role of traditional Chinese medicine spleen soil in cholesterol stones and provides a new interpretation of the role of the "earth stagnation and wood depression" theory in the pathogenesis of cholesterol stones. At the same time, it is proposed that gallbladder treatment should be achieved by thinning the liver and treating the spleen, which can improve the imbalance of intestinal flora and regulate lipid metabolism to prevent and control the formation of cholesterol stones and may provide new prevention and treatment ideas for cholesterol stones.关键词：earth stagnation wood depression;gut microbial;cholesterol stones;medicinal herb;treat the spleen and regulate the liver
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：The state of vascular endothelial damage caused by multiple risk factors is the pathological basis for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). It persists throughout the course of disease. Toxic pathogen theory, which is based on the pathogenic characteristics of toxic pathogen, combined with the pathological progress of CHD, states that toxic pathogen is the key factor of vascular endothelial injury, ranging from potential toxic pathogens to apparent toxic pathogens. This is a complex dynamic process in which the heart vessel is the location of disease. In the chronic stable phase, "potential toxic pathogen hiding in the blood vessel" is the core pathogenic factor. Specifically, toxic factors gradually accumulate and hide in the blood vessel, corresponding to the abnormal expression of risk factors and related pathological factors, which chronically and insidiously damage the vascular endothelium and are the initiating factors of the disease. In the acute attack phase, apparent toxic pathogen damaging the blood vessel is the core pathogenesis factor. Specifically, the toxic pathogen is persistent and difficult to resolve and will damage the blood vessel, representing an episodic cardiovascular event based on the pathology of vulnerable plaques, and acute toxic pathogen can damage the vascular endothelium, which is a sign of deterioration of the disease. According to the appearance of toxic pathogen, different treatments should be given in different stages of CHD. The treatment of CHD in the stable stage focuses on reinforcing healthy qi to eliminate pathogenic factors to help to eliminate the pathological factors in the blood vessels and eliminate the source of the formation of toxic pathogen. The treatment of CHD in the unstable stage focuses on attacking and removing toxins to eliminate the tangible pathological evil and relieve the substantial damage to the blood vessels by the pathological entity. It has been found that herbal treatments under the guidance of toxic pathogen theory have shown great endothelial protective effects, thus improving CHD.关键词：toxic pathogen theory;coronary heart disease;vascular endothelial injury;pathogenesis;detoxication
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：Chronic cough is one of the common diseases in pediatrics, and its occurrence, development and regression are closely related to the theory of xuanfu. Our team believes that the core pathogenesis of this disease is the deficiency of vital qi and the invasion of evil qi, resulting in a loss of control of the xuanfu.Among them, the deficiency of zang-fu organs and the loss of nourishment of the xuanfu are the basis of the disease; the accumulation of phlegm and food and the stagnation of the xuanfu are the root cause of the disease; the wind evil triggers the xuanfu to be the cause of the disease.In children, the lung, spleen and kidney are often deficient, making it easy for the xuanfu to lose its nourishment, which in turn affects the function of the xuanfu in transporting fluids, and when the xuanfu is stagnant due to deficiency, evil qi has an opportunity to take advantage of it; In addition, if the spleen and stomach are not nourished, and the transportation and transformation are not normal, it is easy to accumulate dampness and produce phlegm, or if food stagnates in the middle jiao and stagnates in the xuanfu channel, it will affect the smooth flow of qi and lay the hidden danger for the development of disease; If the cough is triggered by wind pathogen, the internal and external evil qi will interact with each other and the xuanfu will malfunction, resulting in the failure of lung qi to diffuse and purify and coughing, and the condition will linger.In treatment, our team adopted the principle of promoting the situation and removing the stagnation in the xuanfu by dispelling wind evil, resolving phlegm and removing stagnation, and reinforcing vital qi and supplementing deficiency to open up the xuanfu. At the same time, we pay attention to the application of the characteristic medicine to unblock the xuanfu, especially the medicine to regulate qi to unblock the xuanfu, the medicine to dredge the meridians to unblock the xuanfu and the medicine to invigorate the blood to unblock the xuanfu, so as to restore the function of the xuanfu of the lung, then the disease can be cured.关键词：children;chronic cough;etiology and pathogenesis;the theory of xuanfu;unblock the xuanfu
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：The theory of pupil-collateral disease, the combination of differentiation of ophthalmic collateral and differentiation of viscera, is applied to treat pupil-related diseases, such as diseases of the uvea, retina, macula, and optic nerve, based on the theory of collateral disease (a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) term). The theory of pupil-collateral disease is also in accordance with the TCM principles of harmonizing the viscera, dredging qi and blood, and supplementing deficiency and reducing excess to achieve eye homeostasis. This theory originated from the Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic, followed by the Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which was adapted from the Clinical Guidelines and Medical Records and developed in later generations. The core pathogenic mechanism of pupil-collateral disease is collateral stasis in the eyes. The characteristics of symptom can be summarized as prolonged, static, stubborn, miscellaneous, and solid. The general principle of treatment is dredging ophthalmic collateral and improving eyesight. Furthermore, considering the degree of damage to the ophthalmic meridians, sufficiency of qi and blood, and the duration of the disease, eight methods were established, including by dredging collateral by using condiment herbs, by promoting blood circulation, by cooling blood, by clearing phlegm, by using insect medicines, by warming yang, by benefiting qi, and by nourishing qi and blood. The theory of pupil-collateral disease will enrich the theoretical connotation of the theory of collateral diseases, providing a reference to improve the efficacy of treatment of eye diseases that are difficult to treat.关键词：pupils;Collateral Disease;dredging ophthalmic collateral and improving eyesight;origin;diagnosis and treatment
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Clinical Studies
- 摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the differences in the effects of local pressing, contralateral pressing, and distal pressing stimulation on the local myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in chronic pain model rats.MethodsSPF-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the blank group (n=10) and the MTrPs group(n=50) in which the MTrPs model was established. The MTrPs model was established in the left medial thigh muscle of rats by blunt strikes combined with centrifugal exercise. Rats that met the evaluation criteria after modeling were randomly divided into the model group, the local pressing group, the contralateral pressing group, and the distal pressing group(n=10). Rats in the blank group and the model group did not undergo intervention, and the remaining groups were treated with homemade pressing stimulators for 14 days. The rats in the local pressing group, the contralateral pressing group, and the distal pressing group were subjected to pressing stimulation at their respective sites. Specifically, they received pressing stimulation locally on the MTrPs, on the contralateral limb of the MTrPs site, and at the ipsilateral KI3 area of the MTrPs, respectively. The electromyogram (EMG) was recorded and soft tissue tension and the mechanical pain threshold were detected by electrophysiological instruments, a soft tissue tension tester, and a pressure painmeter, respectively. At the end of the intervention, tissues from the left medial thigh muscle or MTrPs were taken to observe the pathological morphology using HE staining. In addition, SP and CGRP contents were measured using immunohistochemistry and ELISA.ResultsCompared with the blank group, the model group had a lower mechanical pain threshold, higher soft tissue tension, obvious spontaneous electrical activity, significant pathological changes, and increased SP and CGRP levels (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the local pressing group, the contralateral pressing group, and the distal pressing group showed an increased mechanical pain threshold and decreased soft tissue tension, a lower spontaneous potential frequency amplitude, and lower SP and CGRP levels (P<0.05), with the local pressing group showing the greatest improvement (P<0.05) and significant recovery on morphological analysis. The contralateral pressing group showed a better improvement in EMG, CGRP, and SP than the distal pressing group (P<0.05).ConclusionLocal pressing, contralateral limb pressing, and distal pressing at KI3 can relieve the pain of MTrPs, reduce soft tissue tension, and decrease spontaneous electrical activity, possibly by reducing the expression of SP and CGRP. Local pressing on MTrPs showed the best efficacy, followed by contralateral pressing and then distal pressing at KI3.关键词：myofascial trigger points;local pressing;contralateral pressing;distal pressing;KI3;rats
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina
- 摘要：Liver is the master of vitality and an important barrier for maintaining good health. Abdominal masses are the products of abnormal transport and transformation of qi, blood, and body fluids. Masses in the liver are the results of the accumulation and dispersion of abdominal masses in the liver. The relationship among zang-fu, qi, blood, body fluids, and abdominal masses is the origin of masses in the liver. Masses in the liver refer to the tangible accumulation in the liver and a pathological form and state of the disease that is in the process of continuous metaplasia and mutation. Qi disease is the early lesion of masses in the liver, which derives from a change of accumulation and dispersion, and the conflict between healthy qi and pathogenic qi. Zang-fu, qi, blood, body fluids, body and mind are the carriers of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and holistic health preservation. The main treatments are as follows: strengthening the spleen, supplementing kidney qi and reinforcing vital qi and removing stasis to treat zang-fu organs; dispelling intangible evil qi and tangible masses, soothing liver qi, removing stasis and cancer toxin to harmonize qi and blood; and removing stagnation, harmonizing qi and blood and calming the mind to coordinate body and mind.关键词：primary liver cancer;zang-fu;abdominal masses;masses in the liver;body and mind
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：On the basis of the expression of specific genes, breast cancer is classified into four molecular types: Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)-positive, and triple negative. By summarizing and analyzing the studies published in the past decade, including the correlation between molecular types of breast cancer and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) patterns, as well as the connection between the TCM constitution and clinical characteristics of different molecular types of breast cancer, this study reveals that there are differences in TCM patterns between different types of breast cancer. Notably, the pattern of liver depression and qi stagnation and the pattern of thoroughfare-controlling vessel disharmony are common contributors to the development of Luminal A and B breast cancer. In patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer, the main pathogenic mechanism is that wind, an exterior pathogen in Chinese medicine, complicated with phlegm and static blood, flows through the channels. In patients with triple-negative breast cancer, toxin, phlegm, and static blood are cemented in the channels. Therefore, in TCM-based diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, it is necessary to make targeted changes according to the pathogenesis characteristics of different molecular types based on the core treatment principle of soothing the liver and invigorating the spleen, paying attention to the balance of qi, blood, and yin and yang and achieving accurate TCM differentiation and treatment with the integration of disease differentiation, molecular typing, and pattern differentiation.关键词：breast cancer;molecular typing;precision medicine;pattern differentiation;traditional Chinese medicine constitution
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发布时间：2023-08-07 - 摘要：Malignant tumors seriously impact the health of human beings, and traditional Chinese medicine can be applied through the whole process of malignant tumor prevention and treatment. Taking liver cancer as an example, the concept of "dual-type pathogenesis" of malignant tumors is preliminarily discussed in this paper. The specific pathogenesis is "exuberance and debilitation of tumor toxin", which affects the whole course of the disease, while the important routine pathogenesis transformation process is stagnation first, heat second, and finally deficiency. The "dual-type pathogenesis" of malignant tumors reveals the interaction of concurrent symptoms, combined syndrome, and their mutual conversion between specific pathogenesis and routine pathogenesis, and systematically discusses the evolution law of pathogenesis. Therefore, it has unique practical significance for analyzing the pathogenesis and prognosis of complex diseases such as malignant tumors.关键词：malignant tumor;pathogenesis;tumor toxin;liver cancer;traditional Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2023-08-07
Hematology and Oncology
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