最新刊期
卷 46 ， 期 9 ， 2023
- 摘要：We analyzed the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) disease name, etiology and pathogenesis, and syndromes of endometriosis (EMT) and the current situation of TCM treatment of EMT. We put forward the prospect of establishing diagnostic and treatment strategies for EMT with TCM characteristics, including establishing the basis of syndrome differentiation and treatment with regional characteristics and treatment plans to supplement and improve the current guidelines. According to the patients’ constitution and needs, a management scheme of chronic diseases in TCM is established based on age stratification. Attention must be paid to patients’ emotional condition and improving patients’ quality of life while treating the disease. The combination of TCM and Western medicine has complementary advantages. First, we can explore the most effective entry point for treating EMT with TCM and Western medicine, and TCM and Western medicine can have better efficacy and less side effects. Second, we can explore the key links and target points for treating EMT with effective scientific and technological means, improve the treatment of EMT with TCM, and lay the foundation for clinical application. At the same time, it is suggested that multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to support the treatment of EMT with TCM, so as to obtain high-level medical evidence.关键词：endometriosis;traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment;clinical research;review
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：Rheumatism is a group of immuno-inflammatory diseases that involve the musculoskeletal system, joints, and surrounding soft tissues. With its unique theoretical system and rich treatment method, traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in the treatment of rheumatism. This paper summarizes the achievements of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment theory of rheumatism, its clinical research and mechanism over the past 40 years; explores the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine treatment; and suggests development trends of the discipline.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;rheumatism;predominance disease;efficacy evaluation;guide
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Expert Commentary
- 摘要：Pelvic inflammatory diseases and their sequelae are common gynecological inflammatory diseases with a long course and propensity for recurrence. Moreover, this condition is complex, which seriously affects the reproductive health and quality of life of women of childbearing age. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages and characteristics in preventing and treating pelvic inflammatory disease and their sequelae. In the acute period, using a combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment plans can increase efficacy and reduce toxicity, mutually supplement and replace, storten the course of the disease. In the sequelae period, the use of traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive therapy can significantly improve symptoms and signs in patients and protect their fertility through multi-pathway and individualized treatment plans. This paper combines the thoughts and methods of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of pelvic inflammatory diseases and their sequelae and also proposes long-term management strategies for this disease in order to further standardize clinical treatment, improve clinical efficacy, and reduce recurrence.关键词：pelvic inflammatory diseases;sequelae;traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment;thoughts and methods;long-term management strategies
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：The treatment of nourishing the kidney in menstrual cycle in Shanghai Cai’s gynecology school is an important theoretical method used to regulate menstruation and promote pregnancy. CAI Xiaosun, the seventh-generation heirs of Cai’s gynecology school and national old Chinese medicine experts academic experience inherit work guiding teacher, believes that the basic pathogenesis of infertility is deficiency of kidney qi and disharmony between the Chong and Ren, combined with the characteristics of women’s menstrual cycle, the annual rhythm, and the principle of nourishing the kidney and regulating menstruation. In the treatment of infertility, we have formed the therapy of nourishing kidney in menstrual cycle, which is characterized by warming the liver and kidney, promoting conception and regulating menstruation, and cultivating vitality. The connotations of nourishing kidney are rooted in the theory of the kidney governing reproduction in Chinese medicine, derived from the theory of the generation and restriction among the five elements, and based on the method of promoting conception and regulating menstruation practiced by several generations of Cai’s gynecologists. The Yushen Tongluo Formula and Yushen Peiyuan Formula created by practitioners of Cai’s gynecology are formulas that seek yin within yang, and seek yang within yin, and they can also be innovatively combined with traditional Chinese medicine external treatment. Combining multiple method for treating infertility yield good clinical effects.关键词：infertility;Cai’s gynecology school;nourishing the kidney in menstrual cycle;seek yin within yang;seek yang within yin;acupoint application
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of HE’s Yangchao Granule(HSYC) combined with acupuncture for infertile patients with diminished ovarian reserve(DOR) with kidney deficiency syndrome.MethodsThis was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial. A total of 120 infertile patients with DOR with kidney deficiency syndrome were randomly assigned into the HSYC+ sham-acupuncture group, placebo+ acupuncture group, HSYC+ acupuncture group, and placebo+ sham-acupuncture group at a 1∶1∶1∶1 ratio, with 30 patients each group. One menstrual cycle was one course of treatment, and all participants received three courses of treatment and were followed for an additional three months. Before and after each treatment course, anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH), follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), and the value of FSH/luteinizing hormone(LH) were measured on the second or third day of menstruation through blood tests. Meanwhile, the antral follicle count(AFC) was examined by ultrasound. Before and after each treatment course, the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome score and menstrual blood loss map score were calculated on the fifth day of menstruation. Besides, the pregnancy condition was followed three months after treatment.ResultsAfter three courses of treatment, compared with the placebo+ sham-acupuncture group, AMH was increased(P<0.05), AFC was increased(P<0.05), FSH and FSH/LH were decreased(P<0.05) in the HSYC+ acupuncture group. After three courses of treatment, compared with the placebo+ sham-acupuncture group, the menstrual blood loss map score was increased(P<0.05), and the TCM syndrome score was decreased(P<0.05) in the HSYC+ acupuncture, placebo+ acupuncture, and HSYC+ sham-acupuncture group.ConclusionThe combination of HSYC and acupuncture, or acupuncture, or HSYC has a certain effect on improving the TCM symptoms and menstrual blood volume of infertile patients with DOR with kidney deficiency syndrome. The combination of HSYC and acupuncture can significantly increase the level of AMH, reduce the level of FSH and the value of FSH/LH, and increase AFC of infertile patients with DOR with kidney deficiency syndrome, which is better than the effects of HSYC or acupuncture treatment alone.关键词：diminished ovarian reserve;infertility;kidney deficiency syndrome;HE’s Yangchao Granule;acupuncture
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Special Theme: TCM Prevention and Treatment of Gynecologic Diseases
- 摘要：The mutual hiding of the five elements is a useful principle, with five elements participating in infinite interactions. As an important part of the theory of the five elements, mutual hiding of the five elements explains the relationship among these elements from multiple perspectives, which is the internal basis of generation and restriction relationship among the five elements and the basic condition for maintaining the dynamic balance of the four qi movements with the middle earth as its pivot. However, at present, the theory of mutual hiding of the five elements has not attracted enough attention, and the related research has not yet formed a foundational understanding of this theory. Therefore, based on the notion of "qi-yin and yang-five elements", this paper introduces a further discussion on the theory of mutual hiding of five elements and argues that any one of the five elements contains five qi and that any one of the five qi is present in all five elements. This paper then proposes the law of the growth and decline of the five elements in mutual hiding, including "si (beginning)" "xiang (developing)" "wang (prosperous)" "xiu (waning)" "qiu (disappearing)", explores and analyses the primary and secondary relation among five qi of each element space-time unity nature of the theory so as to improve it and use it effectively in clinical practice.关键词：five elements;mutual hiding of the five elements;theoretical discussion;traditional Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：The theory of "stomach-kidney correlation" begins with the Acupoints for Water-Disease and Heat-Disease in Plain Questions. The current research is mostly based on the kidney and stomach, one of which is the gate. In fact, the dispute on it shows the different thoughts of the relationship between the stomach and the kidney from doctors, which has its own angle and complements each other. The conclusion is drawn by tracing the theory of "stomach-kidney correlation", combined with the inheritance and development of the theory by doctors, in order to provide ideas for clinical treatment of various diseases based on the theory of treating stomach from kidney and treating kidney from stomach. "Kidney is the gate of stomach" emphasizes the role of kidney in the distribution and metabolism of body fluids, water and food. The kidney is the gate of the water injection of stomach and the descending of stomach qi. "Stomach is the gate of kidney" highlights the helps of stomach to kidney in terms of qi and body fluid. The stomach is the gate of the generation and transformation of kidney qi and the help to kidney water. Whether the kidney water is sufficient, first reflected in the stomach. When the kidney water dries up, it needs helps from the stomach.关键词：Huangdi Neijing;stomach-kidney correlation;kidney is the gate of stomach;stomach is the gate of kidney
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：According to the pathogenesis theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), toxin pathogen is an important factor in the onset and progression of malignant tumors. The TCM syndrome manifested by the accumulation of toxin invading the human body is called "toxin syndrome" . "Toxin syndrome" belongs to the concept of TCM syndrome and contains a set of TCM syndromes such as "wind-toxin syndrome" and "dampness-toxin syndrome" . These "toxin syndromes" may be subdivided according to the nature of different pathogenic factors as independent pathogenic syndromes with independent connotations that exist in parallel with "wind syndrome", "dampness syndrome", and other pathogenic syndromes. However, how to accurately identify a specific "toxin syndrome" in clinical practice remains an important problem that needs to be solved. "Cancerous toxin pathogenesis theory" claims that "cancerous toxin" is the core pathogenesis of malignant tumors and also the specific etiological and pathological product affecting the onset and progression of tumor diseases. "Cancerous toxin" has rich connotations, and this concept is at the level of disease differentiation rather than TCM syndrome differentiation, which renders it dissimilar to the "toxin syndrome" in cancer patients. This paper sorts out and analyzes the concept of "toxin syndrome" and "cancerous toxin", supplements and improves the concept of "toxin syndrome" in the theory of syndrome elements, and also provides a theoretical basis and reference for identification of "toxin syndrome" in malignant tumors.关键词：malignant tumor;cancerous toxin;syndrome element;pathogenesis
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Theoretical Studies
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of an integration of traditional and western medicine rehabilitation program in the treatment of patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.MethodsA total of 115 patients recovering from COVID-19 admitted to Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Yangzhou Second People’s Hospital were randomly divided into the treatment group(57 patients) and the control group(58 patients). The treatment group was treated with an integration of traditional and western medicine rehabilitation program, including Chinese medicine(Jiangpi Yangfei Formula for syndrome of qi deficiency of lung and spleen, and Yiqi Yangyin Formula for syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin), traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation therapies(breathing therapy, meridian exercise method, baduanjin), and modern respiratory rehabilitation(breathing exercises, aerobic exercise, and resistance training), while the control group was treated with tea placebo combined with modern respiratory rehabilitation. The course of treatment was 14 days. Before and after treatment, patients in both groups completed a 6-min walking test, respiratory muscle strength, mMRC grade and muscle strength of extremities and trunk to assess the recovery of cardiopulmonary function and physical function. The incidence of adverse effects was observed before and after treatment.Results(1)In terms of cardiopulmonary function, when compared with those before treatment in the treatment group, the blood oxygen saturation, 6-min walking distance, and distance as a percentage of predicted value were increased(P<0.05, P<0.01); the 6-min distance class and Borg score were improved(P<0.01). After treatment, compared with the control group, the blood oxygen saturation in the treatment group was increased(P<0.05), and the 6-min distance class was improved(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in heart rate, blood pressure, 6-min walk distance, distance as a percentage of predicted value, and Borg score between the two groups. Compared with the condition before treatment, the peak expiratory flow rate value was increased in the treatment group(P<0.01), and the mMRC grade was improved(P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the diaphragmatic activity was increased in the treatment group after treatment(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in diaphragm thickness, peak expiratory flow rate and mMRC grades between the two groups. (2)In terms of physical function, after treatment, the change rates of muscle strength of anterior clamp muscle of the upper limb, trunk flexor, left hip adductor muscle in the treatment group were increased than the control group(P<0.05, P<0.01). No significant adverse effects were observed in either group.ConclusionThe integration of traditional and western medicine rehabilitation program is beneficial for the rehabilitation of cardiopulmonary function and physical function in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.关键词：coronavirus disease 2019;post-COVID-19 syndrome;integration of traditional and Western medicine;rehabilitation;clinical study
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发布时间：2023-10-09
COVID-19 Theme
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects of the Bushen Jianpi Kaixin Formula(BJKF) on the learning and memory ability, cognitive function, and oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex of aging rats, and to explore its mechanism.MethodsAccording to the random number table method, 47 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the blank group(n=10) and the modeling group(n=37). The rats in the modeling group were injected with D-galactose normal saline solution(300 mg/kg) for 6 weeks to establish the aging rat model. After successful modeling, according to the random number table method, 30 aging rats were randomly divided into the model group, BJKF group and vitamin E group, with 10 rats each group. The rats in the BJKF group were treated with BJKF(9.99 g/kg) by gavage, the rats in the vitamin E group were treated with vitamin E(13.5 mg/kg) by gavage, and the rats in the blank group and the model group were treated with the same volume of normal saline by gavage. All the interventions were administered once daily for 4 weeks. After the intervention, the learning and memory abilities of rats were detected by the Morris water maze test. The cognitive function of rats was detected by the open-field test. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was detected by the WST-1 method. The content of malondialdehyde(MDA) was determined by TBA method. The hydroxyl radical inhibition ability was detected by colorimetry. The positive expression of Caspase-1 in the cerebral cortex was detected by immunohistochemistry. And the mRNA expressions of Keap1, Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1 were detected by real-time PCR.ResultsCompared with the blank group, the evasion latency was prolonged from the third day(P<0.05, P<0.01), the number of plateau crossing was decreased(P<0.01), the movement distance and the time ratio of central area movement were decreased (P<0.01), the SOD activity and the hydroxyl radical inhibition ability were decreased(P<0.01), the expression of MDA was increased (P<0.01), the positive expression of Caspase-1 was increased(P<0.01), the mRNA expression of Keap1 was increased(P<0.01), and the mRNA expressions of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 were decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the evasion latency was shortened on the fourth and fifth day(P<0.05, P<0.01), the number of plateau crossing was increased(P<0.01), the movement distance and the time ratio of central area movement were increased (P<0.01), the SOD activity and the hydroxyl radical inhibition ability were increased(P<0.01), the expression of MDA was decreased(P<0.01), the positive expression of Caspase-1 was decreased(P<0.01), the mRNA expression of Keap1 was decreased(P<0.01), while the mRNA expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the BJKF group.ConclusionBJKF can improve cognitive impairment and delay aging in aging rats whose mechanism is thought to be related to regulating oxidative stress.关键词：aging;learning ability;cognitive ability;oxidative stress;Bushen Jianpi Kaixin Formula;Keap1/Nrf2 pathway;rats
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：ObjectiveWe sought to compare the local pharmacokinetics of the active ingredients in the skin after the transdermal administration of Dinggui San(powder made from cloves and cinnamon) on the CV8, the position beside the CV8, and oral administration using a microdialysis technique.MethodsMale SD rats in a SPF grade were divided into four groups(n=4 each): the group of normal rats administered Dinggui San on CV8(N-CV8), the group of ulcerative colitis rats administered on CV8(UC-CV8), the group of ulcerative colitis rats administered on the position beside 2 mm CV8 group(UC-PA), and the group of ulcerative colitis rats administered orally(UC-oral). After modeling, the rats in the group received the corresponding administration with 0.1 g each(external use or oral). A microdialysis linear probe was implanted into the subcutaneous tissues of the corresponding external administration regions or CV8 in UC-oral, and perfused with 20% ethanolic saline solution at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/h. After 15 min of administration, the receiving fluid was collected every 30 min, and altogether collected 20 times, lasted 600 min. The receiving fluid was collected and directly analyzed by HPLC for the determination of cinnamic acid, a metabolite of cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol, as the main active ingredients in Dinggui San. The data obtained were fitted to a non-compartment model using the DAS 2.1 pharmacokinetic analysis software to analyse and compare pharmacokinetic parameters.ResultsThe forward recovery rates in vitro of eugenol and cinnamic acid were 41.4%±2.6% or 51.6%±2.1%, and the reverse recovery rates in vitro were 45.9%±1.5% or 50.6%±0.6%. The average recovery rates in vivo of eugenol and cinnamic acid were 40.4%, 42.8%. At each time point, the mass concentration in the skin of eugenol of all external administration groups were higher than that of UC-oral(less than 0.15 mg/L), and that of UC-CV8 was the highest. The area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to last time of quantifiable concentration(AUC0-t) and maximum concentration(Cmax) of eugenol increased significantly, compared with N-CV8, UC-PA and UC-oral(P<0.05). At the most time points, the mass concentration in the skin of cinnamic acid of UC-oral were lower(less than 0.15 mg/L). Of all the four groups, AUC0-t and Cmax of cinnamic acid in UC-oral were the lowest and that in UC-CV8 highest. The differences of UC-oral to UC-CV8 were significant(P<0.05).ConclusionThe transdermal umbilical administration of Dinggui San improves the absorption and distribution of the active ingredients in the local skin tissues. The microdialysis technique seems to be suitable for evaluation of TCM compound prescription via percutaneous delivery.关键词：clove;cinnamon;ulcerative colitis;microdialysis;pharmacokinetics;eugenol;cinnamic acid;rats
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：ObjectiveWe sought to explore the mechanism of Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula in improving airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice signaling pathway through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway.MethodsSixty SPF Balb/c mice were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the budesonide group, the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group, and the budesonide + Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group. The acute asthma model was established by sensitization and stimulation with ovalbumin(OVA). Budesonide(0.2 g/L) and Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula(1.875 g/kg) were used for intervention. The degree of airway hyperresponsiveness was evaluated by measuring airway resistance. The proportion of different types of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) was detected by Giemsa staining. Pathological changes were observed by HE staining and PAS staining in lung tissue sections. The expression levels of OVA-IgE, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in serum and BALF were evaluated by ELISA, and the expression of HMGB1, MyD88, TLR4, and p-NF-κB/NF-κB were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.ResultsCompared to the control group, the model group showed a significant increase in airway resistance(P<0.01), an obvious increase in the proportion of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(P<0.01), significant inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, epithelial swelling, luminal stenosis in tissue pathology staining, and a significant increase in the expression levels of OVA-IgE, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in serum and BALF(P<0.01). The expression levels of HMGB1, MyD88, TLR4, and NF-κB were also elevated(P<0.05). The phosphorylation of NF-κB was increased(P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the budesonide group, the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group, and the budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group exhibited reduced airway resistance, an increased proportion of macrophages in BALF, and reduced eosinophil counts(P<0.05). The histopathological staining result showed that the infiltration of inflammatory cells was improved, the smooth muscle layer thickening reduced, the epithelial integrity was increased, and the metaplasia of Goblet cell was reduced. HE scores and PAS scores compared to the model group were statistical significant(P<0.05). In the serum and BALF, the contents of various indexes in the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group, the budesonide group, and the budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group were lower than those in the model group(P<0.01); Compared to the budesonide group, the serum OVA-IgE content in the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group was greater (P<0.05), while the HMGB1 content in the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group and the budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group was lower(P<0.05). Western blotting result showed that, compared to the model group, the expression of HMGB1, MyD88, and TLR4 proteins, and the phosphorylation degree of NF-κB could be effectively reduced (P<0.01) in the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group, the budesonide group, and the budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group . Compared to the budesonide group, the expression of HMGB1 in the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group was decreased significantly, while the expression of both TLR4 and MyD88 was increased, and the expressions of HMGB1, TLR4, and MyD88 in the budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group were decreased significantly, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The IF result showed that HMGB1 expression levels in the Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group, budesonide group, and budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group were significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.01), and the HMGB1 and TLR4 expression levels in the budesonide+ Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula group were significantly lower than those in the budesonide group(P<0.05).ConclusionXiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula and budesonide could effectively alleviate asthma-related pathological changes, reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines, inhibit the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway, and improve airway hyperresponsiveness. The combination of Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula and budesonide was superior to budesonide alone. The HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway may be a potential mechanism for Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula to improve airway hyperresponsiveness in children with asthma.关键词：childhood asthma;Xiao’er Jianpi Yifei Formula;HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway;airway hyperresponsiveness;mice
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Experimental Studies
- 摘要：ObjectiveIn order to rapidly detect the contents of the five active compounds (total flavonoids, total polyphenols, forsythiaside A, forsythin and rutin) in Forsythia suspensa leaves and explore the nature of their annual dynamic changes, we established dynamic quantitative models based on near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopy.MethodsThis study used F. suspensa leaves, which had been collected from May to November 2021(72 batches altogether), as samples. NIR spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares analysis was used to establish NIR rapid-detection models for the contents of the five active compounds, including total flavonoids, total polyphenols, forsythiaside A, forsythin, and rutin.ResultsThe correlation coefficients in the quantitative models of total flavonoids, total polyphenols, forsythiaside A, forsythin, and rutin in F. suspensa leaves were 0.950 1, 0.931 1, 0.957 3, 0.942 9, and 0.977 3, respectively. The standard errors of the validation set were 1.39, 0.68, 0.48, 0.10, and 0.07, while the average relative errors between the predicted values and the measured values of the validation set were 9.39%, 10.27%, 16.40%, 5.58%, and 7.96%. Paired t test values of the reference values of total flavonoids, total polyphenols, forsythiaside A, forsythin, and rutin to their corresponding predicted values of NIR spectroscopy were 1.137, 0.127, 0.785, 1.491, and 0.150, while the P values were 0.269, 0.900, 0.441, 0.149, and 0.882. The content of the five active compounds were higher from May to June, decreased quickly in July, recovered in August, and decreased from September to October. The content of active ingredients increased significantly after the first frost compared to before the frost, reaching the highest during the whole year, suggesting the best period for harvesting F. suspensa leaves.ConclusionThe NIR quantitative models established in this study were stable, showed efficacy, and displayed great prediction accuracy. This model can quickly predict the content of five active compounds and their dynamic changes in F. suspensa leaves across different harvesting periods.关键词：Forsythia suspensa leaves;active compounds;near-infrared spectroscopy;dynamic quantitative model
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Chinese Medicinal Chemistry
- 摘要：Li Dongyuan proposed the theory of "fire and original qi incompatibility" in his book Piwei Lun, expounding the incompatible relationship between yin fire and original qi. They restrain and overcome each other. The rise and fall of original qi and yin fire is of great significance in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. When the original qi of the body is deficient and the yin fire is blazing in the interior, the internal wind moves and rushes straight to the brain to cause stroke. The key pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in the acute period is the excessive internal accumulation of yin fire, which is primarily manifested as fire-heat, phlegm stasis, and other excess syndromes during this period. As the disease progresses, the trend of yin fire gradually declines, the excess fire dies down, and deficiency fire gradually appears. Although the syndrome of excess has not disappeared, the deficiency of original qi is the most important pathogenesis in the recovery period and sequelae phase after ischemic stroke. Based on this, our team proposed the therapeutic principle of purging yin fire and tonifying original qi. According to the different pathogenesis focuses in different periods, the appropriate treatment method should be selected. In the acute period of ischemic stroke, the emphasis is on purging the excess yin fire, and the original qi will be protected when the yin fire is purged. In the recovery and sequelae periods, the original qi should be mainly tonified, and the kidney should be replenished to tonify the original qi. When original qi is abundant, yin fire will be restrained. At the same time, other treatment method should also be combined according to the syndrome differentiation to improve the therapeutic effect. This article explores the pathogenesis and treatment of ischemic stroke based on the theory of "fire and original qi incompatibility", with the aim of providing new ideas for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.关键词：ischemic stroke;yin fire;original qi
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：Pan-vascular medicine is a new idea and concept proposed to crack the discipline division and focus on target organs that has emerged as a medical discipline in recent years. Pan-vascular disease is a systemic vascular disease with atherosclerosis as a common pathological feature. At present, researches on pan-vascular diseases have problems such as an incomplete understanding of pathogenesis and unclear elaboration of the mechanism of action. However, traditional Chinese medicine has certain advantages in the prevention and treatment of pan-vascular diseases. Yin fire theory is an important idea of LI Dongyuan. When the spleen and stomach are damaged, there is a lack of original qi and an imbalance of qi and fire, leading to internal yin fire is endogenous. The theory of collateral diseases is an important component of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine, and chronic diseases will eventually develop into collateral diseases as the course of the disease evolves. Yin fire is a key pathological link in collateral diseases, and collateral diseases are an inevitable result of the occurrence and development of yin fire. Under the guidance of yin fire theory and collateral disease theory, this paper adopts an innovative theory to promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine as the starting point, then advances the new pathogenesis of pan-vascular disease, "qi and fire imbalance resulting in turbidity, and poisonous collateral" from the perspective of "yin fire causes collateral disease" and theoretically explores it.关键词：pan-vascular disease;yin fire theory;Collateral Disease Theory;atherosclerosis;qi and fire imbalance
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：Stem cells, which have a high self-renewal capacity, high proliferation, and multi-directional differentiation potential, have shown broad prospects in the treatment of retinal degeneration. There are many similarities between the kidney essence and stem cells in the aspects of reproduction, growth and development, marrow and blood generation, nourishing zang-fu organs, and origin. In particular, there may be a relationship of theoretical identity between the congenital essence and stem cells. The traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of retinal degeneration is attributed to deficiency of the kidney essence and the loss of nourishment of the eyes. The treatment method is tonifying the kidney and essence. Mesenchymal stem cells belong to a class of stem cells. The method of tonifying the kidney and essence can significantly promote the migration, homing, differentiation, and paracrine of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This article takes this as a starting point to explore the potential mechanism of the method of tonifying the kidney and essence in the treatment of retinal degeneration and provides new ideas and a theoretical basis for future research.关键词：kidney essence;stem cells;method of tonifying the kidney and essence;retinal degeneration
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Clinical Studies
- 摘要：Perimenopausal psycho-cardiological disease is a cardiovascular and psychological disease in women seen before or after menopause. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the perimenopausal period is closely related to the rise and fall of Tiangui, while psycho-cardiological disease is related to the brain, heart, and kidney. In terms of material homology, structural relationships, and physiological functioning, Tiangui is closely related to the "kidney-heart-brain" axis, which together ensure the normal life activities of the human body, forming the theory of "Tiangui and the 'kidney-heart-brain’ axis" . According to the theory of Tiangui and the "kidney-heart-brain" axis, the pathogenesis of perimenopausal psycho-cardiological disease is explained, and it is believed that the root cause of the disease is the deficiency of Tiangui due to the declining function of the kidney, heart, and brain. Under the guidance of the theory of Tiangui and the "kidney-heart-brain" axis, aiming at the characteristics of the disease with deficiency in nature and excess in superficiality, the main acupoints are selected to treat the kidney, heart, and brain at the same time. Shenshu(BL23) was selected to tonify the kidney, Neiguan(PC6) was selected to boost the heart, and Baihui(DL20) was selected to strengthen the brain. The symptoms of patients were considered to select the appropriate acupoints.关键词：tiangui;"kidney-heart-brain" axis;perimenopausal psycho-cardiological disease;acupuncture
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina
- 摘要：The "holism of physique and spirit" is a view of life in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) that emerged from the influence of the ancient Chinese philosophy of the correlation between the physique and spirit. The physique is the carrier of human physiological and pathological activities, while the spirit is human consciousness, thoughts, emotions and other spiritual activities. Qi is the material basis of the spirit and also the bridge between the physique and spirit. Scholars often refer to the "holism of physique and spirit" as the "holistic view of physique, qi and spirit" . This article focuses on the concept of "holism of physique and spirit" and elaborates on its role and clinical applications in the occurrence and development of cancer-related fatigue. The physique and spirit are mutually dependent, and the strength of the physique determines the strength of the spirit. The "spirit failing to function" is an important factor in the onset of cancer-related fatigue and the pathological basis for its development. The treatment of cancer-related fatigue should adhere to the principle of a "holistic view of physique, qi and spirit" and use appropriate method to regulate the five zang-organs, with tonification as the main method; and regulate the five spirits, together with comprehensive intervention; and the key to the treatment is supplementing qi, with consideration of appropriate dispersion. The combination of syndrome differentiation and treatment with non-pharmacological therapies, such as acupuncture and moxibustion, gongfu and psychological care aims to treat both the symptoms and the root cause and to harmonize the physique. Furthermore, it helps patients return to a state of "physique and spirit together" and to provide new ideas for the treatment of cancer-related fatigue in TCM.关键词：holism of physique and spirit;cancer-related fatigue;five spirits;spirit failing to function;acupuncture and moxibustion
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：The theory of "turbid evils invading the clear orifice" is a theoretical thought about damp-heat syndrome of upper jiao put forward by Ye Tianshi, a physician in Qing Dynasty, in Wenre lun, which has important guiding significance for explaining the occurrence, development, prognosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. "Turbid evils" covers pathological factors such as damp-heat turbid evils and static blood toxin. "Clear orifice" includes the nose and pharynx and other head-face orifices that connect with the outside world, and the heart that governs the bright spirit. Based on the theory of "turbid evils invading the clear orifice" and the research of western medicine, this paper summarizes that damp-heat turbid evils such as EB virus, alcoholic drink and preserved food are the causative factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is that damp-heat turbid evils invade the body, flow into blood vessels, and form static blood toxin for a long time, which blocks the nasal orifice outward and the heart inward and flows all over the body. At the same time, this paper discusses the microscopic of "turbid evils invading the clear orifice" in nasopharyngeal carcinoma from the perspective of microenvironment, and based on the theory of "turbid evils invading the clear orifice" and our team’s clinical practice, formulates the differential treatment scheme for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in different stages, in order to provide reference for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.关键词：turbid evils invading the clear orifice;nasopharyngeal carcinoma;EB virus;etiology;pathogenesis;treatment
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发布时间：2023-10-09 - 摘要：ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the immunological characteristics of different TCM patterns of primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) patients with failed first-line treatment and the response to eltrombopag.MethodsFrom January, 2018 to September, 2021, the clinical data of 58 first-line failed ITP patients treated with eltrombopag were enrolled at First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Enrolled patients were divided into four groups based on TCM patterns, and their immune indicators, including lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin levels, and complement factors, with the efficacy of eltrombopag compared. Patients were classified into pattern of qi failing to control blood (22 cases), pattern of internal blockade of static blood(9 cases), pattern of bleeding due to blood heat(13 cases), and pattern of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency(14 cases) group based on TCM patterns.ResultsComparative analysis of immune indexes of ITP patients with different TCM patterns showed that the percentage and absolute count of NK cells in the pattern of internal blockade of static blood group(16.91%±7.24%, (230.33±188.35)×106 L-1) were significantly higher than those in the pattern of qi failing to control blood group(9.76%±6.33%, (109.38± 76.60)×106 L-1) and the pattern of bleeding due to blood heat group(5.82%±3.70%, (52.50±40.91)×106 L-1)(P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in the levels of immunoglobulin and complement factors among all the groups. Comparison of the efficacy response of patients with different TCM patterns to eltrombopag showed that the effective rates in the pattern of qi failing to control blood, pattern of internal blockade of static blood, pattern of bleeding due to blood heat, and pattern of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency group were 68.2%(15/22), 22.2%(2/9), 61.5%(8/13), and 78.6%(11/14), respectively; the curative effect in the pattern of internal blockade of static blood group was different from that in the pattern of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency and pattern of qi failing to control blood group(P<0.05).ConclusionThe proportion of NK cells in patients’ peripheral blood may be involved in the difference of therapeutic response to eltrombopag in ITP patients with different TCM patterns. High NK cell counts are more common in ITP patients of the pattern of internal blockade of static blood group, which is related to the lower expected therapeutic response to eltrombopag.关键词：eltrombopag;immune thrombocytopenia;pattern of internal blockade of static blood;lymphocyte subsets;natural killer cells
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发布时间：2023-10-09
Hematology and Oncology
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